Latar belakang: Pelaksanaan program STBM dimulai dari pilar pertama yaitu Stop BABs yang merupakan pintu masuk sanitasi total dan merupakan upaya memutuskan rantai kontaminasi kotoran manusia terhadap air baku minum, makan dan lainnya. STBM diharapkan dapat merubah perilaku kelompok masyarakat dalam upaya memperbaiki keadaan sanitasi lingkungan mereka, sehingga tercapai kondisi Open Defecation Free (ODF). faktor penentu perilaku terdiri dari faktor predisposisi (pengetahuan, tindakan), faktor pemungkin (sosialisasi, sarana-prasarana), faktor penguat (dukungan keluarga dan petugas kesehatan). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat dengan pelaksanaan Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ratu Agung. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 96 responden. Data diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dan observasi tentang pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap pelaksanaan STBM. Hasil: sebanyak 66,7% masyarakat memiliki pengetahuan baik dan 51,1% memiliki sikap mendukung dalam pelaksanaan Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) pilar pertama. dalam pelaksanaan Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) pilar pertama. sebanyak 60 % respondenpada kelompok kasus mempunyai riwayat pajanan pestisida dan kadar. Tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap secara signifikan berhubungan tindakan STBM pilar pertama. (p-value 0,006; 0,025). Simpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap berhubungan dengan tindakan STBM pilar pertama.

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What are the ergonomic risks of Indonesian salt evaporation field workers especially in Madura? This problem has not been much noticed, though salt production from Madura is the largest contributor to national salt production. This study aims to assess the level of ergonomic risk of salt evaporation field workers in Madura. Conduct ergonomic risk analysis and reduce the level of ergonomic risk through redesigning work tools with the REBA and RULA approaches. REBA and RULA assessments are conducted with esMOCA instrument application. This research shows that five activities of salt evaporation field workers pose a high ergonomic risk with a REBA and RULA score above 6. These five activities are, chopping salt deposits on salt field, scraping salt deposits on salt field, collecting and pile up salt deposits, picking up salt to the carrying basket, and packing salt into sack. One of these five activities, picking up salt activity poses the highest ergonomic risk with REBA score 11. Efforts undertaken to reduce risk were made by replacing shovel tool with pan hoe tool, REBA score dropped to 5.

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Advance research has successfully shown that the farmers grouping in the supply chain network can reduce the total distance of commodity transport. The purpose of this study is to group the communal salt farmer ventures (KUGAR) in Sumenep District to minimize the total transport distance of salt commodities in the food supply chain network. Location coordinates and salt production capacity of each communal salt ventures are required to be able to calculate the total transport distance. Site survey was conducted for each communal salt ventures to mark locations on the Google map and record production capacity. Using the Google map API the distance data between communal salt ventures is collected and built distance matrix from one origin venture to another destination venture. The communal salt ventures grouping is done by the P-Median method. The experiment was conducted with an alternative of 2 groups, 3 groups, 4 groups. Total minimum transport distances as low as 127.82 km are achieved with 4 groupings. The first group was centered at Asapok Angin venture in the village of Pragaan Laok, the sub-district of Pragaan with 13 ventures member. The second group was centered at Mekar Jaya venture in Karanganyar village, Kalianget sub-district with 41 ventures member. The third group was centered at Usaha Bersama VII venture in the village of Gersik Putih, Gapura sub-district with 16 ventures member. The fourth group was centered at Persada Indah VII venture in the village of Kertasada, the Kalianget sub-district with 20 ventures member.