Peran kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam organisasi sekolah sangat penting karena peran strategis kepala sekolah ikut mempengaruhi kinerja guru dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan Proses Belajar Mengajar (PBM). Sebagai pemimpinan pendidikan, kepala sekolah memiliki tugas dan tanggungjawab yang cukup berat. Keefektifan kepala sekolah dalam menerapkan fungsi-fungsi manajemen adalah ketepatan penerapan kemampuan kepala sekolah dalam melakukan perencanaan, pengorganisasian, penggerakan dan pengendalian serta pendayagunaan seluruh sumber-sumber pendidikan baik ketenagaan, dana, sarana dan prasarana termasuk informasi secara optimal, yaitu menunjukkan sejauh mana kepala sekolah melaksanakan tugas pokoknya secara baik dan benar untuk mencapai tujuan. Kinerja guru sangat terkait dengan efektifitas guru dalam melaksanakan fungsinya. Keefektifan guru dalam melaksanakan fungsinya, adalah guru yang efektif; 1) memiliki pribadi kooperatif, daya tarik penampilan, minat besar, pertimbangan dan kepemimpinan, 2) menguasai metode mengajar yang baik, 3) memiliki tingkah laku yang baik saat mengajar, 4) menguasai berbagai kompetensi dalam mengajar.

Metacognition is one of the important components to measure student learning achievement in the university. Metacognition knowledge can significantly measure students' critical thinking skills, especially in solving problems. The ability to solve problems serves as a bridge among metacognition as well as educational success. This study aims to determine metacognitive knowledge on the ability to solve complex problems in social geography. The sample of the research sample were 163 divided into two control and experimental groups. The experimental class used online project-based learning, and the control group used conventional learning. The instrument used to collect the metacognitive data uses was learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI) adapted to the characteristics of students. By 77 items of LASSI were 48 items were valid and reliable used in this study. The result showed that the experimental group using online project-based learning had better metacognitive knowledge, especially on variables that had significant differences of p < 0.05, such as Information Processing, Attitude, Motivation, Self-Testing and Aids Studies. Furthermore, differences in the ability to solve complex problems of social geography are discussed in this study.

Dalam Permendiknas Nomor 12 Tahun 2007 dan Permendiknas Nomor 13 Tahun 2007 dijelaskan bahwa salah satu kompetensi yang harus dimiliki oleh pengawas dan kepala sekolah adalah kompetensi manajerial, dimana salah satunya adalah fungsi evaluasi. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Paiton Kabupaten Probolinggo dengan subjek pelatihan kepala sekolah SDN se-Kecamatan Paiton. Pengawas dan kepala sekolah di Koordinator Wilayah Kecamatan Paiton Kabupaten Probolinggo secara rutin setiap tahun melaksanakan kegiatan evaluasi namun belum melalui prosedur ilmiah yang baku. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya perbaikan yang mendorong kepala sekolah dan pengawas melaksanakan evaluasi sesuai dengan prosedur ilmiah. Agar kompetensi kepala sekolah semakin baik, maka perlu dilaksanakan kegiatan pelatihan. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pelatihan yaitu perencanaan, survei kebutuhan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah pelaksanaan evaluasi yang dilakukan oleh sekolah telah dilakukan sesuai prinsip ilmiah dan kepala sekolah dapat menyusun artikel penelitian berdasarkan laporan evaluasi kepala sekolah.

Study about policy education based on its criteria benefits to develop science by having new knowledge to enrich research in public evaluation discipline and educational management research area. Policy evaluation of teachers' assignment as school principals will not only be able to give inputs to ministry of education and culture. But it will also give reinforcement to policy decision to make it successful for what it has been done. The role of principals is very essential to make the school have capability to shape intelligent and competitive Indonesian human capital. School principals as leaders are expected to become contributor to the success of governance reinforcement, accountability and public image of education. Their success to develop educational quality at school is very determined by their professionalism to do their duties, roles and function as principals. To develop their professionalism, it is very imperative to prepare selection of principal candidates. The implementation of proper selection system is hoped to bring about principal candidates who have high credibility since it has important role for education nowadays. It is also hoped that competent principals have capability to build good school cultural organization by emphasizing excellent service to learners and its community.