To determine preferences and perceptions of medical students about teaching strategies in basic sciences years. Study design: Mixed method study. Place and Duration: Khawaja Muhammad Safdar Medical College, Sialkot, from March 2014 to July, 2014. Methodology: A total of 77 medical students of 3rd year MBBS were selected through non-probability convenient sampling for this study. A questionnaire to know about their preferences and comments about teaching strategies was distributed to the students. A focus group discussion was also carried out to know in depth opinion of students about different teaching strategies. Results: Mean age of the medical students was 22.75 ± 1.05 years. Twenty one (27.3%) participants were males and 56 (72.7%) females. Out of 77 students, 22 preferred interactive lectures; 16, small group discussion; 20 problem based learning, 10 preferred demonstration on models. Only 01 students preferred one-way lecture as the best teaching methodology.More female students (30.3% vs 23.8%) preferred interactive lectures and more male (28.6% vs 17.8%) students preferred small group discussion as their teaching strategies. Conclusion: Majority preferred interactive lectures (28.57%) and problem based learning (25.98%) as teaching strategies. Aligning our teaching strategies with preferences of the medical students will improve learning and academics.

To find the frequency of gestational diabetes in pregnant women using 50 grams glucose challenge test. Study design: a descriptive study.

Objectives: To determine preferences and perceptions of medical studentsabout teaching strategies in basic sciences years. Study design: Mixed method study. Placeand Duration: Khawaja Muhammad Safdar Medical College, Sialkot, from March 2014 toJuly, 2014. Methodology: A total of 77 medical students of 3rd year MBBS were selectedthrough non-probability convenient sampling for this study. A questionnaire to know abouttheir preferences and comments about teaching strategies was distributed to the students.A focus group discussion was also carried out to know in depth opinion of students aboutdifferent teaching strategies. Results: Mean age of the medical students was 22.75 ± 1.05years. Twenty one (27.3%) participants were males and 56 (72.7%) females. Out of 77 students,22 preferred interactive lectures; 16, small group discussion; 20 problem based learning, 10preferred demonstration on models. Only 01 students preferred one-way lecture as the bestteaching methodology.More female students (30.3% vs 23.8%) preferred interactive lecturesand more male (28.6% vs 17.8%) students preferred small group discussion as their teachingstrategies. Conclusion: Majority preferred interactive lectures (28.57%) and problem basedlearning (25.98%) as teaching strategies. Aligning our teaching strategies with preferences ofthe medical students will improve learning and academics.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of risk factors of coronary artery disease(CAD) in healthy male paramedical staff of our hospital. Study Design: Descriptive study. Placeand Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology and National Institute of HeartDiseases, Rawalpindi, from January 2009 to June 2009. Methodology: Three Sixty Three (363)healthy male paramedical staff members were studied. Patients with heart disease, chronic liverand kidney diseases were excluded. Presence of hypertension, diabetes, smoking, dyslipidemia,physical activity, a family history of (CAD) and medication was documented. Fasting bloodglucose, lipid profile, uric acid levels were done. Body mass index and waist circumferencewere measured and Waist to Hip ratio calculated. Data was analysed using SPSS-20. Ten yearrisk was calculated using Heart Score software. Results: Mean age of subjects was 31.85 ±8.10 years. Maximum number of patients (152, 41.9%) aged between 31 to 40 years. Smokingwas documented in 76 (20.9%), hypertension in 26 (7.2%), diabetes in 27 (7.4%) and a familyhistory of premature CAD was recorded in 26 (7.2%) persons. Eighty (22.01%) patients wereoverweight (BMI = 25-29.9) while 26 (7.2%) were obese (BMI >30). Waist circumference > 94cm was found in 79 (21.8%). High cholesterol (>200 mg/dl) was documented in 33 (9.1% ) ,high LDL( >100 mg/dl ) in 68 (18.7% ), low HDL in 92 (25.4%) and high triglycerides (>150mg /dl) in 116(32%) persons. Conclusions: Dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking, hypertension anddiabetes were most frequent risk factors. Public awareness to control risk factors can reducethe prevalence of CAD.

Objectives: To find the frequency of gestational diabetes in pregnant womenusing 50 grams glucose challenge test. Study design: a descriptive study. Place and duration:Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lady Atchison Hospital, Lahore from August 2012to August 2013. Methodology: Through non-probability convenient sampling, 200 pregnantwomen between 24-28 weeks of gestation were studied. All known diabetic patients wereexcluded from the study. Pulse, BP, weight and height were recorded and Body Mass Index wascalculated. Physical and antenatal examination were done. Patients were given 50 gm glucosedissolved in 200 ml of water without any dietary preparation. Glucose levels were measuredin venous plasma after one hour according to American Diabetic Association protocol. Bloodglucose level more than 140mg/dl was diagnosed as screened positive and less than 140mg/dl screened negative. The data analysis was analysed by SPSS 20. Results: Out of total 200women studied, 28 (14%) had abnormal screening test while 172 (86%) had normal test. Historyof obstetric complications was noted in 10 (5%) women. PIH was noted in 19 (19.5%) andpast history of GDM was present in 14 (8.13%). Mean age of patients screened positive was25.03 ± 2.9 years. Gestational age of positive group ranged between 19 to 32 weeks. Meangestational age was 26.17+3.37 weeks. Among screened positive women, 7 (25%) womenwere primigravida while 21 (75%) women were multigravida. Conclusion: Significant riskfactor associated with GDM include family history of DM, maternal obesity, previous history ofobstetric complications. Failure to recognize and treat the GDM results in maternal and fetalmorbidity and mortality.