This study examined the travelling pattern of the Arab tourists in relation to their purpose and frequency of visit, duration of stay, travelling companions and activities engaged in during the vacation. The preferences of these tourists for hotel restaurant food and front office attributes while staying in selected five star hotels were also investigated. The result demonstrated that Arab tourists came to Malaysia mostly for a vacation with their spouse and children, and the majority of them were visiting for the first time. The major activities engaged in were sightseeing and visiting interesting places plus other activities such as shopping, visiting theme parks and beaches. The average length of stay was from 3-10 nights. The findings also revealed that besides other type of cuisines, home cooking (Arab cuisine) was preferred by the Arab tourists. Similarly, the Arab tourists preferred to have a fast check in, friendly and personalized service and courtesy by front office personnel upon arrival at the hotel. The ability to communicate in and understand the Arabic language among the front office personnel also had a profound effect on their fondness. In turn, a strong relationship among government, local authorities, private agencies and hotel operators should be fostered to capture a larger share of this market segment

Purpose This paper aims to assess a measurement model of green cleaning for green buildings in Malaysia. Being one of the contributors to the indoor environmental quality performance, green cleaning has become one of the significant aspects that need to be considered for the well-being and performance of a building, particularly in a green building's operations and maintenance performance. Green buildings without green cleaning practices would hinder the benefits that should be rendered economically, socially and environmentally. However, the absence of clear green cleaning components and requirements in Malaysia has become a motivation to undertake this research. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire survey involving cleaning service providers and green building index (GBI) facilitators was carried out, and the data was then analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling. However, this paper will only be focusing on the measurement model assessment. Findings Most of the green cleaning components and requirements are acceptable in the model except integrated pest management (in the cleaning procedure component) and hand soaps (in the product and materials component) due to lower factor loadings. Therefore, these two requirements were removed from the measurement model. Research limitations/implications Due to a paucity of professionals in the field of green cleaning, the researchers have selected GBI facilitators and cleaning service providers as respondents for this research. The researchers assumed that GBI facilitators are aware of acceptable products and materials for green buildings; meanwhile, cleaning service providers know what is the best cleaning technique and process that helps in achieving cost and resource efficiency. This research also assumed that the green cleaning components identified can be applied to any type of green building, regardless of the differences in needs in each type of building. Practical implications This discovery will give the industry, particularly cleaning service providers and green building management teams, a first look at the green cleaning components and requirements. Originality/value This paper fulfills the need to study how green cleaning helps in achieving the benefits rendered by green buildings.

Abstract-The demand for conducive academic building with healthy environment for teaching and learning (T&L) activities are rapidly increasing especially in indoor environmental quality (IEQ). Unsatisfactory of IEQ in academic building threaten the quality of T&L process simultaneously affect the student achievements and teachers performances. This studies are to investigate the IEQ that has been carried out by using survey method and were distributed the questionnaire to the respondent to observe the perception, adaptive behavior and opinion and he questionnaire has been developed based on IEQ elements. The questionnaire was distributed to 370 main user of academic building randomly from 10,000 populations in UTHM It is shown that, the level of user satisfaction is most at the moderate level and some suggestion has been carried out to improve the IEQ in academic building. The collected data has been analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Several parameters of IEQ elements such as Thermal comfort, acoustic comfort, lighting and Indoor air quality (IAQ) are discussed in this research.

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Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) for academic buildings is one of the key characteristics of a sustainable campus. The low conditions of IEQ performance can contribute to the sick building syndrome and cause discomfort to the building users. Furthermore, good performance of IEQ can contribute to a comfort and conducive learning and working environment. The purpose of this paper is to discuss on the IEQ performance measurement of academic buildings for public universities in Malaysia. This research involved scientific measurement of academic buildings for public universities in Malaysia. The performance measurement focuses on the six key elements of IEQ; thermal comfort, humidity, noise comfort, air movement, lighting and thickness of CO2. The results were compared to the Malaysian Standard (MS 1525:2007) and UNESCO guideline. The findings showed that most universities are in the standard set, while some universities under the standards set and still in need of improvement. This study is useful for facilities managers in public universities in order to improve the IEQ on academic buildings in achieving sustainable campus.