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Ficus bengalensis Linn (Moraceae) is a plant that is widely distributed in India. To the Hindus it is sacred and worshipped with special prayers on Vata Sawitri day. In traditional medicines it is used for healing obstruction of urine flow, diarrhea, dysentery, conjunctivitis, scabies and diabetes. So it has been a subject of chemical, biological and pharmacological interest since a long time. Its chemical investigation shows that it contains Bengalenosides that is, glycosides or flavonoids, ketones, flavonols, pentacyclic triterpenes and triterpenoids, coumarin, sterols, tiglic acid esters, alpha-Dglucose and meso-inositol. The aqueous or alcoholic extracts of various parts of this plant were found to have various pharmacological activities for example, antidiabetic, hypocholesterolemic, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, anthelmintic, antibacterial, antiallergic and anti-tumor activity. In this review, we have investigated the pharmacological activities of F. bengalensis Linn (Moraceae) and discussed its various chemical constituents that may be responsible for these multi-aspect activity spectrums of this plant.

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www.biomedres.info Farsetia hamiltonii (Royle) is a desert plant and is endemic to the desert area of Pakistan and India. It is an annual shrubby, often woody at base, 10-40 cm long, vary variable in size, densely appressed white hairs, braches erect or sub spreading, leaves oblong linear, thick woody roots, fruit a little longer, narrowed at either end, are distinctive. Flowers are white or pink in color, petals slightly longer than sepals and flowering season is March to September [4]. The medicinal use of plant is to treat pain, inflammation and swelling in joints, diabetes, gastrointestinal and infectious diseases. This plant is used with "Ghee" as a cooling medicine and tonic. Its boiled juice is applied to treat camel wound in Cholistan [3]. The local name is "Fareed Booti" [5]. This plant is selected for study keeping in view the medicinal importance of genus Farsetia. The ethyl alcohol extract of aerial parts of F. aegyptia was in vitro investigated for cytotoxicity and exhibited cytotoxicity against A549 and HepG2 carcinomas. The phenolic rich fraction was further fractionized and isolated a new flavonoid kampferol-8-CO -β-diglucopyranoside which showed the high cytotoxicity against Hela and MCF-7 cell lines [6]. The alcoholic extract of F. aegyptia is evaluated for anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities which show maximum inhibition against Klebsiella pneumonia and no activity against Candida albicans [7]. According to literature survey, no phytochemical and biological activities on F. hamiltonii have been reported and this species is found unexplored. Methods Enzymes, chemicals and equipments Alpha glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20), chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1), urease (EC 3.5.1.5), Butyryl cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8), Acarbose, Chymostatin, Thiourea, Eserine, chloroform, acetone, diethyl ether, dichloromethane and methanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and Merck companies. Ciprofloxacin, KH2PO4, DTNB [5,5-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid)], phosphate buffer, N-succinyl phenylalanine-P-nitroanilide and 4-nitrophenyl acetate were of analytical grade. The gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi) were used in this study. The instruments synergy HT BioTek 96 microplate reader, Rotary evaporator (Buchi), Vacuum pump, Spectrophotometer (Shimadzo, Japan), EZ-Fit Enzyme Kinetics software (Perrella Scientific Inc. Amherst, USA) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC Agilent system, USA) were used.