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Thin walled titanium alloys are mostly applied in the aerospace industry owing to their favorable characteristic such as high strength-to-weight ratio. Besides vibration, the friction at the cutting zone in milling of thin-walled Ti6Al4V will create inconsistencies in the cutting force and increase the surface roughness. Previous researchers reported the use of vegetable oils in machining metal as an effort towards green machining in reducing the undesirable cutting friction. Machining experiments were conducted under Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) using coconut oil as cutting fluid, which has better oxidative stability than other vegetable oil. Uncoated carbide tools were used in this milling experiment. The influence of cutting speed, feed and depth of cut on cutting force and surface roughness were modeled using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). Experimental machining results indicated that ANN model prediction was more accurate compared to the RSM model. The maximum cutting force and surface roughness values recorded are 14.89 N, and 0.161 µm under machining conditions of 125 m/min cutting speed, 0.04 mm/tooth feed, 0.25 mm radial depth of cut (DOC) and 5 mm axial DOC.

Abstrak: Peralihan harta selain kewarisan dalamIslam salah satunya dikenal dengan wasiat, yaitu dengan cara berpesan seseorang terhadap sebagian harta kekayaannya pada saat seseorang tersebut masih hidup dan berlaku setelah meninggalnya pewasiat.Salah satu bentuk wasiat ialah wasiat yang berupa honorarium.Wasiat honorarium adalah wasiat yang berasal dari pokok harta peninggalan mayit, dan jenis ini masuk dalam wasiat  yang berupa benda yang mempunyai ukuran tertentu yang harus di berikan kepada orang yang berhak menerima wasiat yang telah di wasiatkan oleh seseorang sebelum ia meninggaldunia, seperti angsuran tahunan, bulanan, atau harian, yang  tidak berbeda dengan wasiat pada umum nya hanyasajaiamenggunakan system angsuran. Wasiat berupa honorarium ini umumnya dikenal di wilayah timur seperti Mesir. Mengenai batas waktu pemberian wasiat berupa honorarium ini terdapat perbedaan pendapat Wahbah Az-zuhaili yang mengatakan bahwa  wasiat honorarium  tidak boleh melebihi dua (2) generasi jika lebih maka untuk generasi selebihnya dianggap batal. Untuk memperoleh jawaban dari hal tersebut maka dalam Penelitian ini penulis menggunakan kepustakaan (library Research)dan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriktif-analisis-kompratif, yaitu menggambarkan konsep pemikiran wahbah Az-Zuhaili tentang wasiat berupa Honorarium berikut dengan landasan hukumnya.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa. Wasiat berupa Honorarium sama seperti wasiat lainnya hanya saja berbeda dalam pemberiannya yang dilakukan secara berangsur-angsur. Wahbah Az-Zuhaili menggunakan metode istimbat hukum maqasid syari’ah (Dharuriyat) yaitu kepentingan untuk memelihara harta. Dalam hal ini pemeliharaan harta si pewasiat yang akan diwasiatkan kepada penerimanya harus dapat dipastikan sampai untuk yang berhak. Pemberian wasiat secara berangsur-angsur dilakukan agar harta yang diwasiatkan dapat membawa manfaat untuk jangka waktu yang lama sehingga tidak sia-sia. Dan juga pemberian wasiat dengan jalan angsuran sering terjadi dalam kasus si penerima wasiat yang masih berada dibawah umur yang mana ia tidak dapat menggunakan hartanya secara baik, maka oleh sebab itu untuk menghindari pemanfaatan dari pihak lain jalan terbaik adalah dengan angsuran sesuai kebutuhan si penerima wasiat namun tidak melebihi dari sepertiga harta yang dimiliki keseluruhan si pewasiat tentunya.Abstract:  The transition of treasures other than religious in Islam, one of which is known as a testament, is through a message of some of its wealth when the person is alive and occurs after the death of a testament. One form of wills is an honorarium. The honorarium will be a testament derived from a Mayite estate, and this type is entered into a will which has a certain size that must be given to the person who has the right to accept a will that has been waged by a person before he passed away, such as annual, monthly, or daily installments, which is no different from his generalized wills in his general drifting system installments. Wills in the form of honorarium is commonly known in the eastern regions such as Egypt. As for the deadline for this honorarium, there is a difference in the opinion of Wahbah Az-Zuhaili who said that an honorarium will not exceed two (2) generations if more then for the other generation is considered void. To obtain an answer from this, in this research the author uses library Research and is done using the method-analysis-comparative methods, namely, describing the concept of the thought of the Wahbah Az-Zuhaili of wills in the form of Honorarium with its legal basis. The results showed that. Wills in the form of the Honorarium is just as other wills are only different in the grade given.  Wahbah Az-Zuhaili uses the special method of law Maqasid Syari'ah (Dharuriyat), which is the interest to preserve wealth. In this case, the maintenance of the property will be disclosed to the recipient must be ensured to the right. Probate will gradually be done so that the declared property can bring benefits for a long period so it is not in vain. And also the provision of a will in installments often occur in the case of the recipient who is still under the age of which he is not able to use his property properly, therefore to avoid the utilization of the other parties the best way is in installments according to the needs of the recipient but not exceeding the third property owned by the wills, of course.

The subchondral bone layer has an important role in supporting the articular cartilage under mechanical loads. Therefore, subchondral bone can affect cartilage damage, in this case osteoarthritis. Many studies have addressed osteoarthritis, but few studies have focused on the influence of subchondral bone morphology on the development of osteoarthritis. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine the relationship between subchondral bone morphology and the development of osteoarthritis by looking at the morphological differences between normal and osteoarthritis patients. The method used in the screening process for reputable journals, the author uses End-Note software. The keywords used are cartilage, osteoarthritis, subchondral bone, and morphology. Article search focused on pubmed database with several criteria. Then after getting the article, the data will be extracted into a table for further narrative review process. From the data obtained, it can be concluded that the morphological value in osteoarthritis patients is greater than normal patients, and patients suffering from osteoarthritis are infected more often in elderly patients. Other factors that can affect osteoarthritis are weight, height, and body mass index.