Acoustic waves are transmitted into the subsurface ocean will experience scattering (scattering) caused by marine organisms, material distributed in the ocean, the structure is not homogeneous in seawater, as well as reflections from the surface and the seabed. Estimation of fish stocks in the waters wide as in Indonesia have a lot of them are using the acoustic method. The acoustic method has high speed in predicting the size of fish stocks so as to allow acquiring data in real time, accurate and high speed so as to contribute fairly high for the provision of data and information of fishery resources. Split beam echo sounder comprises two aspects, and a transducer. The first aspect is the high-resolution color display for displaying echogram at some observations and also serves as a controller in the operation of the echo sounder. The second aspect is transceiver consisting of transmitter and receiver. The Echosounder divided beam first inserted into the ES 3800 by SIMRAD beginning of the 1980s and in 1985 was introduced to fishermen in Japan as a tool for catching up. Split beam transducer is divided into four quadrants. Factors that contribute affect the value of Target Strength (TS) fish Strength target can generally be influenced by three factors: a target factor itself, environmental factors, and factors acoustic instrument. Factors include the size of the target, the anatomy of fish, swim bladder, the behavior of orientation.
Sikka regency waters including fishery management with a high utilization status so that the necessary stages of an intensive monitoring and research potential of fish resources. This study aimed to obtain the estimated value of stock biomass and density of fish resources with the acoustic method. Quantitative data obtained will be a source of current information on the state of fish resources in the Sikka regency waters, Indonesia. The research was conducted in May 2015. Acoustic data retrieval, using instruments CruzPro fish finder PcFF-80 with sound velocity of 1516 m / s, power 2560 Watt, and method in survey acoustic use hydroacoustic long transect. The horizontal distribution shows a fluctuation striking at research location has the highest salinity levels in the range of 29.3-29.8 psu. Total biomass of fish in this study showed more the number is at a depth of 11-20 m that is 2,008 tons/km and at a depth of 1-10 m have the total fish biomass is 12.33 tons/km, single detection is done using a single target hydroacoustic show more dominance at a depth of 11-20 m in Sikka regency waters, MTB, Indonesia in May 2015. Number of data from results obtained by looking at the relationship between the number of the data with the total biomass in 1-10 m depth has equation Y = 0.0967x + 0.0486 with R2 is 0.0464 (4%) , while at a depth of 11-20 m has a regression equation is Y = 0.0003x + 0041 with the R 2 is 0.0091 (0.9%). Variations in the data or the detection of single targets have variations over the data that is at a depth of 11-20 m with the lowest regression is 0.9%.
Aerial photogrammetry is one of the Alternative technologies for more detailed data, real time, fast and cheaper. Nowadays, many photogrammetric mapping methods have used UAV / unmanned drones or drones to retrieve and record data from an object in the earth. The application of drones in the field of geospatial science today is in great demand because of its relatively easy operation and relatively affordable cost compared to satellite systems especially high - resolution satellite imagery. This research aims to determine the stage or overview of data retrieval process with DJI Phantom 4 (multi - rotor quad - copter drone) with processing using third party software. This research also produces 2 - dimensional high resolution image data on the research area. Utilization of third party software (Agisoft PhotoScan) making it easier to acquire and process aerial photogrammetric data. The results of aerial photogrammetric recording with a flying altitude of 70 meters obtained high resolution images with a spatial resolution of 2 inches / pixels.
Abstract-Whistle sound is generally used for echolocation purposes, while the sound of the blast-beat and whistles play a major role in internal and inter-group communication.The purpose of this research is to know the power spectral patterns and fluctuations in sound based
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