The species of trees have different secondary compounds that need optimum extraction techniques. Appropriate extraction techniques determine the quality and quantity of DNA produced. This research aims to found optimal of extraction methods and DNA isolation, then to created genome DNA in high quality and quantity, so that it can be using for genetic variation analyses in Suren (Toona sureni Merr.) by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). This study shows that DNA concentrates were 763.3 μg/ml, 180.0 μg/ml, 383.3 μg/ml, and 436.7 μg/ml. While based on the results of PCR amplification using the primers OPD 03 shows that the four extraction methods used, the extraction method of number 3 has been able to produce genomic DNA with better quality and more number of bands, although the quantity is lower. ABSTRAKSetiap jenis tanaman memiliki kandungan senyawa sekunder yang berbeda-beda sehingga membutuhkan teknik ekstraksi yang optimum. Teknik ekstraksi yang tepat sangat menentukan kualitas dan kuantitas DNA yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan metode ekstraksi dan isolasi DNA yang optimal dan menghasilkan DNA genom yang berkualitas baik serta jumlah yang memadai sehingga dapat digunakan untuk analisis keragaman genetik pada tanaman suren (Toona sureni) berdasarkan Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata konsentrasi DNA dihasilkan pada metode 1, 2, 3 dan 4 adalah berturut-turut 763,3 μg/ml; 180,0 μg/ml; 383,3 μg/ml dan 436,7 μg/ml. Berdasarkan hasil amplifikasi PCR menggunakan primer OPD 03 menunjukkan bahwa dari keempat metode ekstraksi yang digunakan, metode ekstraksi 3 mampu menghasilkan DNA genom dengan kualitas yang lebih baik dan jumlah pita yang lebih banyak walaupun kuantitas yang lebih rendah.

Penelitian pemetaan habitat bentik di Pulau Tiga masih sangat kurang dilakukan, sehingga ketersediaan data spasial habitat bentik di daerah ini sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk; memberikan informasi kelas tutupan habitat bentik perairan laut dangkal di Pulau Tiga dalam pendekatan OBIA dan menghitung tingkat akurasi citra satelit terhadap habitat bentik perairan laut dangkal di Pulau Tiga dalam pendekatan OBIA. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di perairan Selat Tiworo khususnya perairan Pulau Tiga. Penelitian ini menggunakan data satelit Sentinel-2A dengan resolusi 10x10 m2 dan pengambilan data lapangan dilakukan pada bulan juni 2020. Klasifikasi citra dengan metode OBIA dengan klasifikasi terbimbing menggunakan algoritma klasifikasi yaitu support vector machine (SVM) dengan imput data lapangan diperoleh hasil klasifikasi habitat bentik sebanyak 6 kelas  yaitu karang hidup, karang mati, rubble, lamun, makro alga dan pasir, dengan penerapan optimasi skala segmentasi yaitu scala 10, shape 0.5 dan compactness 0,5. Berdasarkan metode OBIA, habitat bentik dapat dipetakan dengan tingkat akurasi sebesar 88%  pada citra klasifikasi dengan algoritma SVM.Kata Kunci: Habitat Bentik, Tutupan Habitat Bentik, OBIA

Land cover in a watershed area has an impact on the infiltration capacity related to the water supply. Water needed for irrigation of rice fields in Bua District, especially in the Bua, Malenggang, and Salu Beroa watersheds are experiencing drought each year. This means that water needs are not in accordance with the existing water supply, so research needs to be done related to water supply and rice field irrigation water needs. This study aims to determine the water supply of Bua, Malenggang, and Salu Beroa watersheds based on the existing land cover and the spatial pattern of the Luwu Regency in 2030 and the need for water for rice fields in this area. Data was used in this study include existing land cover maps, Luwu Regency spatial pattern maps in 2030, soil type maps, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, and daily climate data analyzed by using the SWAT model. The results of SWAT model analysis based on existing land cover found that water supply in Bua watershed is 40.291.452 m3/year, Malenggang watershed is 19.467.893 m3/year, and Salu Beroa watershed is 2.685.224 m3 / year. Meanwhile, based on the spatial pattern in 2030 found that water supply in Bua watershed is 40.076.558 m3/year, Malenggang watershed is 19.396.958 m3/year, and Salu Beroa watershed is 2.689.116 m3/year. The amount of water needed for irrigating in these watersheds is 50.848.015,7 m3/year or 81% out of the total water supply of existing land cover and 82% out of the total of spatial pattern water supply in 2030. It is showed that if the spatial pattern plan is implemented and simulated by using a watershed-based SWAT model, the water supply in the study area will be reduced or lower than 281.937 m3 at the end of the planning year, which are the total water supply based on existing land cover is 62.444.569 m3 while the water supply based on the spatial pattern is 62.162.632 m3. Therefore, an evaluation of the implementation of the Luwu Regency spatial plan is needed. The monthly demand of rice fields is 4.237.335 m3 while water supply in August is 3.377.597 m3, September is 3.340.444 m3, and October is 3.484.457 m3. It means that the demand for rice fields is not fulfilled in August, September, and October. Thus, in that month, Drought occurs.