This study aims to determine the effect of the CTL Method of Problem-Based Learning Technique and Problem Posing Technique and the ability to think logically to the learning outcomes of natural sciences. The study was conducted at the grade IV Elementary School 114 Palembang. The amount of students as many as 32 students. Research design using experiment method with treatment by level 2 x 2. Data analysis is theanalysis of variance of two lanes (ANOVA). The results of this study indicate that (1) There are differences in learning outcomes of natural science between the groups given CTL method of problem-based learning technique and the groups given CTL method of problem posing technique (2) There are interactions between CTL method and the ability to think logically to the learning outcomes of natural science.
Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan pada masalah siswa SD yang masih kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal non rutin matematika, maka peneliti ingin mengetahui learning obstacles (hambatan belajar) apa yang dialami oleh siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal non rutin matematika. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif dengan menggunakan soal tes yang kemudian dianalisis learning obstacles yang dialami oleh siswa. Kemudian agar bisa mendalam mendapatkan informasi mengenai learning obstacles maka peneliti menggunakan metode wawancara. Hasil penelitian yang didapat adalah: a) Soal nomor 1 terdapat 43% siswa yang mengalami ontogenic obstacle dan 40% siswa yang mengalami epistemological obstacle;. b) Soal nomor 2 terdapat 53% siswa yang mengalami ontogenic obstacle dan 37% siswa yang mengalami epistemological obstacle. Melihat hasil persentase di atas, dapat kita simpulkan bahwa siswa kelas VI masih perlu ditingkatkan kembali pemahaman akan konsep volume bangun ruang. Guru hendaknya membuat Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) atau desain didaktis dalam pembelajaran matematika dan melakukan pembimbingan (scaffolding) secara individu kepada setiap siswa.
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