In view of the paucity of data on the toxicity of fatty acids, experiments with oleic acid were zperformd. In control tests, olive oil was injected intravenously, and observations were made pertaining to fat embolism.The hemolytic effects of fatty acids are a well known phenomenon. This report deals with toxic manifestations observed in addition to those of hemolysis. The intravenous injection of fat emulsion was studied by a number of investigators such as Murlin and Riche;' Kochne and Mundel;2 Gordon and L e~i n e ;~ Clark and Br~nschwig;~ Dunham and Brunschwig ; McKibbin et d. ; Shafiroff and Frank ; LeVeen ; and reportedly by Russian workers who used human fat. Johnson et aLg-ll have demonstrated in-* Aided by a grant from the Otto Baer Fund. The Department is in part supported by the

The present work is an anatomical demonstration of the collateral blood supply which maintains the liver after acute interruption of the hepatic artery. This is demonstrated with x-ray films and corrosion specimens of the livers of dogs weeks to months following excision of the hepatic artery. The livers were injected with red lead suspension or with a plastic material. With both methods, we have demonstrated the development of adequate anastomoses within the liver between the phrenic and the hepatic arteries. The phrenic arteries had hypertrophied considerably and numerous good sized anastomoses with the hepatic arteries were present, allowing for an adequate supply of arterial blood to the liver and survival of the animal. In similar control experiments on normal dogs, the phrenic arteries were small, and insignificant anastomoses to the hepatic arteries were found.

Among 30 so-called accessory respiratory and other muscles tested, the presence of rhythmic respiratory impulses was found in 12. Both expiratory and inspiratory impulses were detected in certain muscles, in others only in- or expiratory ones. The muscles with most frequent inspiratory impulses were the intercartilaginous intercostal muscles, the intrinsic muscle of the larynx and the nostril; those with expiratory impulses were abdominis, external and internal oblique, transversus abdominis, scalenus anterior, and lower interosseous intercostal muscles.

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