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АктуАльные технологии генетики рАстений / MainstreaM technologies in plant genetics productive development. The SHWs studied differed from common wheat and one another by responses to the short day and by the length of the 'emergence-heading' phase if they grew under the conditions of a long day. The delay in the development of plants with a short photoperiod ranged from 5.4 to 53.8 days. On a long day, the duration of the 'emergence-heading' phase varied from 39.5 to 53.9 days. A possible genetic basis for the differences identified is discussed. To assess the diversity of SHWs, we also used gliadin proteins as informative biochemical markers. It was revealed that 21 SHWs were homogeneous, and the rest, heterogeneous. Forty-four different biotypes were found for the SHWs studied, from which 36 were unique. Relationships between biotypes have been demonstrated using cluster analysis. It should be noted that 13 SHWs were unstable. In each of them, some plants differed from the others in terms of a complex of morphological characters, reaction to a photoperiod, and gliadin patterns. It is possible that the instability of accessions is the result of genome rearrangement in SHWs. SHW accessions and the forms isolated from them are considered as sources of new genetic variability to improve common wheat.

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A standard electrophoretic method for wheat cultivar identification was used on single seeds to analyse the genetic integrity of 11 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions after up to 24 seed reproductions in the Gatersleben genebank. It was clearly demonstrated that the gliadin pattern of single seeds can be used to analyse the genotype composition of wheat accessions. Stability of electrophoretic banding patterns was detected in eight accessions. Very week genetic drift was observed in three accessions. Our investigations confirm experiences of the successful utilisation of protein markers for cultivar verification and genetic integrity testing and demonstrate the high standard of wheat accessions maintenance in the Gatersleben genebank.