Introduction and Aim: Cricket is one of the most popular game in India played by men and women of all ages. Core stability is defined as the ability to control the position and movement of the trunk over the pelvis to allow optimum production, transfer and control of force and movement to the terminal segment. Major muscles involved are pelvic floor muscles, Transverse abdominis, multifidus, internal and external obliques, and rectus abdominis. Core is used to stabilize the thorax and the pelvis during dynamic movement. The study helps to compare the effectiveness of Swiss ball exercise and Pilates exercise on gaining core muscle strength. The aim of the study is to compare the effect of Swiss ball exercise and Pilates exercise on core muscle strengthening in college cricketers. Materials and Methods: The design of the study is comparative type. The study was carried out in faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute. The study sample of 30 male college cricketers between the age group of 18 to 25 years are included in the study. Individuals with associated neuromuscular conditions, any injuries to lower limbs and any spinal injuries have been excluded in the study. Swiss ball and Pilates mat are the materials used. Sphygmomanometer is the outcome measure.30 male individuals between the age group of 18 to 25 years were divided into two groups, group A and group B. Individuals in the group A (n=15) received the Swiss ball exercise and group B (n=15) received Pilates exercise for 4 session/ week for 6 weeks. Results: On comparing the mean values of group A and group B on double leg lowering test (DLLT), it shows significant decrease in the post test mean values but (group B- Pilates exercise) shows (30.60) which has the lower mean value is more effective than (group A- Swiss ball exercise) (46.80) at P ? 0.001. Hence, null hypothesis is rejected. Conclusion: The study concluded that both the group was effective but while comparing Pilates exercise showed the potential treatment option than swiss ball exercise. Hence, Pilates exercise was effective on core muscle strengthening in college cricketers. Keywords: Swiss ball; Pilates mat; core muscle; sphygmomanometer.

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Objective: To compare and to examine the effectiveness of mirror therapy and modified constraint induced movement therapy (mCIMT) on upper extremity in subacute stroke patients. Background: Stroke or cerebral vascular accident is sudden dead of the brain cells due to inadequate blood flow. The WHO defines stroke as rapidly developing clinical signs of focal disturbance of cerebral function, with symptoms lasting for 24hrs or longer or leading to death, with no apparent cause other than of vascular origin. The most common consequence of stroke is loss of upper limb function. The protocol planned for improving the function of upper limb are mirror therapy and modified constraint induced movement therapy (mCIMT). Mirror therapy is a simple and inexpensive treatment which uses the visual information activating the premotor and motor cortex of the brain. This is explained by activation of so called mirrorneuron system. Whereas mCIMT utilises the redundant pathway in brain through neuro plasticity. Methodology: A total of 30 participants with subacute stroke were selected. The inclusion criteria are both gender of age 55-70 years and duration of 2-12 months of post stroke. Participants with mini mental state examination score<24, uncontrolled systemic hypertension, severe shoulder subluxation, previous stroke and severe cardiac failure were excluded. The outcome measures were measured using Upper Extremity Functional Index (UEFI) and Fugl Meyer Upper Extremity Scale. Procedure: All 30 participants with sub-acute stroke were divided into two groups. Both the group individuals were assessed for pre test using Fugl Meyer Upper Extremity Scale and Upper Extremity Functional Index Scale. Group A (15) was assigned to mirror therapy for 5 days a week, for 4 weeks and rest intervals was given. Similarly group B (15) was assigned to modified constraint induced movement therapy for 5 days a week, for 4 weeks. Both the groups were given conventional therapy for 20 mins. At the end of study subjects were assessed for post test using UEFI and Fugl Meyer upper extremity scale. Results: The Modified Constraint Induced Movement (mCIMT) is more effective than Mirror Therapy in improving the hemiparetic upper extremity in subacute stroke patients. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(2) 2021 p.323-329

Our aim is to compare the effects of vestibular stimulation and tactile stimulation along with kinaesthetic stimulation on neuromuscular development of premature infants. Premature birth is the most common cause of infants' death considered as one of the risk factors for developmental disabilities, which can lead to long-term complications in the nervous system of infants. Since up to now, only few, many studies conducted under preterm infants our study is an attempt to find the effects on vestibular stimulation and tactile stimulation along with kinaesthetic stimulation on neuromuscular development of premature infants. Twenty infants were selected and divided into 2 groups based on inclusion criteria -infants born between 30 to 36 weeks, no history of cardiorespiratory problems, surgery, 5 min Apgar score less than 5. Infants born after 36 weeks, with a history of cardiorespiratory, neurological problem, congenital malformation are excluded. Group-A treated with vestibular stimulation and kinaesthetic stimulation for a period of 4 weeks (5 sessions/week)for 12 min. Group-B receives tactile stimulation and kinaesthetic stimulation for a period of 4 weeks (5sessions/week) for 12 min. New Ballard score is used as outcome measure for both pretest and posttest. Result of the study shows that both vestibular stimulation with kinaesthetic stimulation and tactile stimulation with kinaesthetic stimulation shows higher significant improvement. However vestibular stimulation with kinaesthetic stimulation shows more significance and effective in improving neuromuscular development of premature infants. The study concludes that vestibular stimulation and kinaesthetic stimulation is more effective than tactile stimulation and kinaesthetic stimulation in improving neuromuscular development of premature infants.

Introduction and Aim: Diabetes is a disease rising all over the world affecting larger number of populations. In India largest number of diabetic patients are reported. Lack of physical activity, dietary pattern change, and sedentary life style are the major causes for concern. Aneffective lifestyle intervention including changes in dietary pattern, regular exercises would enhance in preventing or postponing the onset of diabetes. The aim of the study is to analyse  the effectiveness of Swiss ball exercise and resistance training in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.   Materials and Methods:The study design is comparative type. The study was conducted in Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai. The study sample of 30 subjects both male and female were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were sorted into two groups.Inclusion criteria were patients with clear history of Type 2 diabetes, clinically diagnosed, an inactive lifestyle, age between 30-60 years. Exclusion criteria were uncontrolled hypertension, coronary artery disease, advanced retinopathy, neuropathy, severe orthopedic conditions. 30 subjects between the age group of 30-60 years were divided into two groups, group A and group B. Individuals in the group A (n=15) received the Swiss ball exercise and group B (n=15) received resistance training exercise for 5 session/ week for 12 weeks for 30 minutes.   Results: On comparing pre-test and post-test within group A andgroup B on fasting, post prandial blood sugar level and diabetes distress screening scale show highly significant difference in mean values at P ? 0.001.   Conclusion:The study concluded that both the groupshad substantial effect. On comparing Swiss ball exercise and resistance training, both the exercise programs were found to be equally effective.