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The introduction of combined fillers can effectively improve the mechanical and tribological properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). In this work, three different types of nanosized fillers (zirconium dioxide, silicon dioxide, and boron nitride) were introduced in a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer matrix for the development of polymer composite materials (PCM). Tensile and compressive testing were carried out, and the hardness of created PCM was evaluated. It is shown that the compressive strength of PCM increased by 30–70%, and the hardness, increased by 38–55% compared to the initial PTFE. The tribological properties of the developed PCM were evaluated under dry friction conditions. An analysis of the results of an experimental study of wear confirmed that the inclusion of combined fillers (two- and three-component) in PTFE significantly increased wear resistance compared to the polymer matrix with a slight increase in the coefficient of friction. It has been shown that the introduction of three-component fillers has an antagonistic effect on the wear resistance of PCMs compared to two-component fillers. The thermodynamic properties of the composites were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and a thermomechanical analyzer. The surface morphology of polymer composites after wear testing was studied by IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy to investigate and suggest a possible mechanism for increasing the wear resistance of the developed composites.

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To improve interaction on the phase boundary of polymer composites, we used functional additives, mechanoactivation method, and ultrasound. In the case of the use of serpentine as a modifier of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), the introduction of magnesium nanospinel (NS) as functional additive resulted in the increase of wear resistance of composite in 2500 times. Effect of ultrasonic irradiation on the composites comprising phlogopite was considered. IR data have shown that NS influences the intensification of the tribological processes. In sonicated composites the intensity of the IR spectra of oxidized fragments depends on the content of NS and correlates with the wear resistance.