The article presents data on the invasiveness of pigs and sheep by associated parasitocenoses. Approximately one-third of newborn animals showed signs of acute parasitocenosis. About 80% of diseased lambs died. In the course of the research, intestinal sticks were isolated from strain K99 and K129, which are typical pathogens of colibacteriosis of piglets, eggs and larvae of the Strongiloid type (Haemonchus contortus). A treatment regimen was developed with the use of fenbendazole and multibacterin. In pigs, the high percentage of animals with an acute course is explained by the associated parasitocenosis, in which blastocyst invasion occurs against the background of colibacteriosis.
The article provides data on the spread of echinococcosis and cysticercosis of sheep and goats in the farms of the South of Ukraine. The aim of the study was to monitor echinococcosis and cysticercosis of small cattle in farms in the southern and northern regions of Odessa region. The research was carried out at the slaughter points of the Odessa region. In order to identify larval cestodoses, carcasses and organs from 322 sheep and 84 goats were examined. In the south of the Odessa region at slaughter points with. Tatarbunary of the Tatarbunar district and Olefirenko LLC of the Liman district, 217 sheep and 45 goats were examined. 105 sheep and 39 goats were examined at the slaughter points of cattle in the Kodimsky district and LLC "Segros" in the Shiryaevsky district of the northern part of the Odessa region. For the period from 2016 to 2020, four causative agents of larvaceous cestodoses were registered, which include: echinococcosis, cysticercosis ovis (phinosis), tenuikolny and coenurosis (whirligig). Echinococcus infestation of sheep in the southern regions of the Odessa region was in the range from 10.1 % to 14.7 %, and in goats - 10.7-11.1 %, while in the northern regions the infection of sheep was 7.4-8.9 %, and goats - 6.5-7.9 %. The incidence of Cysticercus tenuicollis sheep in the southern regions ranged from 13.8% to 15.7 %, while in the northern regions - from 18.5% to 22.3 %, which is 29.6 % more. In 95 % of sheep, Cysticercus tenuicollis was found on the omentum, in 3 % on the omentum and liver, and in 2 % an only on the liver with an intensity of 3 to 16 cysts per animal. In goats, all cysts were exclusively on the omentum.
The article covers the main stages of life and scientific activity of Ivan Tymofiiovych Nechval, Doctor of Science (Veterinary Medicine), director of Odessa Scientific-Research Veterinary Station (1970–1989). His scientific and administrative experience in veterinary medicine is over 60 years. The main area of scientific work was the epizootiology of tuberculosis of animals, measures for prevention and control of this infection. His scientific achievements are 82 scientific works on infectious animal diseases (books, brochures, guidelines, articles, instructions and guidelines). System of measures on prevention and control of tuberculosis of cattle and pigs, developed by I. T. Nechval, were of practical use and were included in the Instructions “On measures for the prevention and recovery of livestock from tuberculosis” (1997), some fragments of works were used in reports at scientific and practical conferences
The purpose of work was to determine the effect of different concentrations of “Brovadez-plus” disinfectant solution on the sporulation process of mixed culture of eimerias oocysts of calves. Disinvasive activity of the drug “Brovadez-plus” was determined at concentrations of 1.5, 2, 3 and 3.5% for exposures of 3, 5 and 8 hours by irrigation of oocysts. The drug “Brovadez-plus’ at 2% concentration for 3 hours exposure showed an eimeriostatic effect at the level of 29.9 ± 1.4%. At 5 hours exposure, sporogonia did not undergo 51.1 ± 0.5% oocysts, and at 8 hours exposure 64.4 ± 2.2% eimerias oocysts of calves. When using 3% concentration of “Brovadez-plus” solution for 3 hours, sporulation process did not take place in 57.8 ± 0.6% eimerias oocysts, 2.7 ± 0.9% oocysts completed sporulation and 19.6 ± 0.9 % — the sporulation was delayed. The best results were obtained with the use of a 3% solution at an exposure of 5 and 8 hours. The sporogony process did not occur in 96.6 ± 1.2% and 98.2 ± 0.8% of oocysts of eimerias. When using “Brovadez-plus” disinfectant at a concentration of 3.5% at exposure for 3 hours sporogonia did not pass in 78.5 ± 1.1% of eimerias oocysts, at exposure for 5 hours in 96.8 ± 2.1% of eimerias oocysts at exposure 8 hours in 99.1 ± 2.4% of eimerias oocysts of calves. Thus, experimental studies have shown that the drug “Brovadez-plus”, when used in 3% and 3.5% concentrations, has a high level of disinvasive properties relative to eimerias oocysts of calves. Experimental studies have established that the detrimental effect on eimerias oocysts is directly proportional to the duration of their contact and the concentration of the working solution of the studied drug. When using 3% and 3.5% concentrations of “Brovades-plus” disinfectant at an exposure of 5 and 8 hours in 99.1 ± 2.4% of eimerias oocysts of calves, the process of sporogony did not occur
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