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The review presents currently available data on the biological role of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine. This compound has been successfully and for a long time used as a biomarker of oxidative stress and diseases associated with it. However, in recent years an increasing number of publications has appeared reporting that 8-oxo-dG is not simply a byproduct of oxidation processes, but is of great biological importance. It is assumed that it is involved in the regulation of gene expression, in some processes of DNA repair, in the control of inflammatory and autoimmune reactions, and in the activation of antioxidant systems. Probably there is a prospect of applying 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine as a drug.

According to one hypothesis, Parkinson's disease pathogenesis is largely caused by dopamine catabolism that is catalyzed on mitochondrial membranes by monoamine oxidase. Reactive oxygen species are formed as a byproduct of these reactions, which can lead to mitochondrial damage followed by cell degeneration and death. In this study, we investigated the effects of administration of the mitochondrial antioxidant SkQ1 on biochemical, immunohistochemical, and behavioral parameters in a Parkinson-like condition caused by protoxin MPTP injections in C57BL/6 mice. SkQ1 administration increased dopamine quantity and decreased signs of sensory-motor deficiency as well as destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area in mice with the Parkinson-like condition.

The study is devoted to 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG), which is used as a biomarker of oxidative damage to DNA and its associated diseases. The study is based on the hypothesis put forward by the authors about the ability of 8-oxo-dG, which is the main product of DNA oxidation, to act as a signal molecule that activates cell resistance to nonspecific stress and DNA repair. In addition to studying the molecular mechanisms of the action of 8-oxo-dG, the authors have carried out an investigation of the effects that they caused on the organism level.