Self-confidence is a feeling of confidence in one's abilities without fear and being able to solve all life's challenges without comparing them with the abilities of others. This statement does not apply to people with HIV-positive because the stigma attached to them by society, such as groups of sinners, guilty, recipients of curses, and even torment, lower their self-confidence of people with HIV-positive. Physical activity through football has an important role in changing stigma and is a way for people with HIV-positive to be accepted by society regardless of their status. This study aims to determine the effect of physical activity through football on the self-confidence of people with HIV-positive. The research uses causalcomparative or ex post facto research methods. Sampling used a purposive sampling technique with a sample of 5 people with HIV-positive who participated in football activities. The instrument used is a closed questionnaire using a Likert Scale. Based on the validity test of a valid questionnaire as many as 28 items out of 50 statement items and reliability test results obtained 0.722021 and included in the reliable criteria. Processing and analyzing data, it was found that the score of people with HIV-positive who took part in football activities was 514 from a maximum score of 700 after the percentage of the results was 73.43%. Thus, researchers can conclude that physical activity through football can affect the selfconfidence of people with HIV-positive.

<strong><em>Background:</em></strong><em> Pregnancy is the condition of a woman who has an embryo in her womb that continues to develop over time. Normal pregnancy occurs for 40 weeks between the last menstrual period and birth (38 weeks) from conception. Based on the phenomenon obtained in the Muara Labuh Health Center work area in July 2018, it was found that 47 women were pregnant with hyperemesis gravidarum. This study aims to determine the effect of giving ginger. <strong>Method</strong>: Research methods Quasy Experiment control design post-post test With the Pretest and Postest approach to see the effect of giving warm ginger water to the reduction of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum trimester 1. <strong>Results</strong>: The results of warm ginger administration research Interventions have a significant effect on decreasing hyperemesis gravidarum in the first trimester of pregnancy women with a decrease in the average difference between the intervention group and the control group was 10.87 RINVR score (Rhodesh INdekx from Nusea, Vomiting, and Retching) and p-value = 0,000, where the decrease in the intervention group was greater than control group. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: It is expected that respondents namely trimester I pregnant women can use warm ginger steeping in overcoming or reducing the frequency of hyperemesis gravidarum because based on the results of research on boiling water ginger is effective in reducing the severity of hyperemesis gravidarum in pregnant women</em>

Abstrak. Konsep Matematika saling berhubungan. Namun belakangan ini muncul fakta bahwa kemampuan pemahaman konsep masih rendah. Sehingga diperlukan penerapan strategi pembelajaran baru untuk melatihnya, yaitu model pembelajaran Novick. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki apakah kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi kubus dan balok yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Novick lebih tinggi daripada siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan jenis quasi eksperimen, desainnya nonequivalent posttest-only control group design. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Bhakti Pemuda, Tanjung Bintang , dengan sampel siswa kelas VIIIA (32 siswa) dan kelas VIIIB (31 siswa). Instrumen berupa tes uraian, tentang kemampuan pemahaman konsep sebanyak 8 butir pertanyaan.  Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan rata-rata nilai kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa kelas eksperimen sebesar 54,97 dan siswa kelas kontrol sebesar 45,27. Hasil dari uji Anakova data posttest diperoleh . Artinya, kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Novick lebih tinggi daripada siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional.   Kata Kunci: Pemahaman Konsep, Model Pembelajaran, Novick Abstract. Mathematical Concepts are interconnected. However, recently the fact emerged that the ability to understand concepts is still low. So it is necessary to apply a new learning strategy to train it, namely the Novick learning model. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether students' conceptual understanding skills on cube and block material using the Novick learning model were higher than students using conventional learning. The method used is quantitative with a quasi-experimental type, the design is nonequivalent posttest-only control group design. The population of the study was class VIII SMP Bhakti Pemuda, Tanjung Bintang, with samples of class VIIIA (32 students) and class VIIIB (31 students). The instrument is in the form of a description test, about the ability to understand concepts as many as 8 questions. The results showed that the average value of the concept understanding ability of the experimental class students was 54.97 and the control class students were 45.27. The results of the Ananova test for posttest data obtained  . That is, the ability to understand concepts of students who use the Novick learning model is higher than students who use conventional learning. Keywords: Concept Understanding, Learning Model, Novick