Identity is also at the core of the translation project. Thus, the translator's role as a mediator between different languages and cultures cannot be isolated from efforts to harmonize the building of identity and cultural knowledge. This study investigates how the translator preserves the source text's cultural identity in the target text, based on evidence that the translation process is likewise a cultural transfer. The frameworks for this study were Venuti's idea of "resistancy", Newmark's cultural terms categorizations, Baker's techniques for specific-culture items, and Newmark's transposition procedure. The material objects of this research were the Indonesian magical-realism novel 'Cantik Itu Luka' and its English translation ‘Beauty is A Wound’. By employing descriptive-qualitative approach, a thorough investigation of this study revealed that the translator tends to challenge the target readers’ knowledge by preserving the source text's identity in the target text. To do so, the translator frequently uses loan words and the application of blended strategies, such as loan words with superordinate (a more general word), loan words with explanation (couplets), and loan words with transposition and explanation strategies (triplets).

Movie subtitle translation is the transfer of meaning from source text into target text in the form of text under the screen with limited time and characters. One of the problems in translating movie subtitle is the information pattern. Information patterns are how the information is organized. This information arrangement includes information status and information urgency. This research uses descriptive and comparative methods. The results of the study indicate that (i) there are parallels in information pattern urgency, namely foreground position tends to be in the beginning of the speech; (ii) the misalignment of information status occurs in sentences translation with it subject and that impersonal and in interrogative and imperative sentences translation, as well as in sentences translation with the non-doer subject.

This study explores the translation of cultural-specific terms in the literary text as the translation process connects cultural differences between the source and target languages. Using Eco's notion of "translation as negotiation"; Bassnett's "translators as a mediator of cultures", and Newmark's cultural categorizations of terms as the framework and this qualitative study analyzed two Indonesian versions of the novel The Secret Garden by Francess Hodgson Burnett (1911). The first translated version was published in 2010 under the title "Taman Rahasia", whereas the second translated version was published in 2020 under the same title as the original version. This study has shown the complexity in closing the cultural gap between the source text and target text. As the impact, both translators used different forms of negotiation to accommodate readers' expectations and to functionally create optimal target texts in the target culture, which differentiate into five categories (i.e., ecological, material culture; social culture, social, politic, and administrative organizations; and gestures and habits).

This study aimed at investigating the untranslatable cultural terms found in the novel from English into Indonesian since not all cultural terms in Source Text can be fully transferred into Target Text as well as the translator’s decision to overcome the problem of untranslatability since English and Indonesian have very different cultural concepts. This study was a data-driven study by using The Secret Garden’s novel written by Burnett (1911/2019) as the Source Text (ST) and its Indonesian translation by Kusumawardani (2020) (under the same title) as the Target Text (TT). The data were analyzed by using descriptive-mix-comparative methods that combined the theory of Newmark’s (1988) cultural terms categorization and Newmark’s (1988) translation procedures. As a result, to overcome the problem of cultural untranslatability, the translator frequently employs transference, naturalization, and notes procedures. From in-depth analysis, transference by retaining the SL’s cultures in the TL is used to avoid mistranslation because the lacks a formally corresponding feature. Naturalization is used by adapting the SL cultural-specific words to the TL's normal pronunciation and morphology because there are designation similarities in both the SL and the TL. Meanwhile, notes in the form of in-text annotations and footnotes were used to strengthen the translator's role by highlighting her in the translation results. Nevertheless, notes are commonly used in conjunction with naturalization to reduce strangeness, as leaving too many untranslatable cultural references weakens the translation result.

No abstract