Background: Around the globe acid peptic disease and its potential complications are among the major cause of morbidity and is a significant burden on health system. Till now the main stay of treatment are the pharmaceutical agents which decrease the secretion of acid. But these have potential complications and tolerability issues. Among such plants one is Acacia catechu commonly available in India and Pakistan.Methods: This experimental study involved 48 albino rats that were divided into four groups. Group A, B, C, and D were given water, 100mg aspirin, 100 mg aspirin+ 250 mg Acacia catechu and 100 mg aspirin+500 mg Aacacia catechu respectively, and were sacrificed on day 3, 7 and 14th day of study and observed for changes.Results: Difference between blood vessels in subgroup B1 and subgroup C1 with subgroup D1 was statistically significant (p=0.05) and (p=0.001). Group C1 and D1 had normal vessels in mucosa and submucosa. However, dilatation of blood vessels was noted in both groups receiving Acacia catechu along with ASA.Conclusions: Aqueous extracts of Acacia catechu stem and bark showed significant anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory activities by increasing blood flow to the stomach.

ObjectiveOsWRKY71, a WRKY protein from rice, is reported to function during biotic stresses. It is requisite to further enquire the efficiency and mechanism of OsWRKY71 under various environmental stresses. Stress indicators such as salt, cold, heat, and drought were studied by overexpressing the OsWRKY71 in E. coli.Materials and methodsDNA binding domain containing region of OsWRKY71 was cloned and expressed in E. coli followed by exposure to stress conditions. OsWRKY71 was also assessed for its role in abiotic stresses in rice by qPCR.ResultsRecombinant E. coli expressing OsWRKY71 was more tolerant to stresses such as heat, salt and drought in spot assay. The tolerance was further confirmed by monitoring the bacterial growth in liquid culture assay demonstrating that it encourages the E. coli growth under salt, drought, and heat stresses. This tolerance may be the consequence of OsWRKY71 interaction with the promoter of stress related genes or with other proteins in bacteria. The RT-qPCR analysis revealed the up-regulation of OsWRKY71 gene in rice upon interaction to cold, salt, drought and wounding with maximum up-regulation against salinity.ConclusionThus, the defensive role of OsWRKY71 may accord to the development and survival of plants during different environmental stresses.

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Background: Medical education is one ofthe toughestcourse worldwide in the education system. Medical students have academic and non-academic problems that can influence their academic performance, Aim: To study the effect of counselling and guidance on the academic performance of medical students through students’ perceptions. Study design: Cross sectional Method: The study was conducted on 3rd year MBBS students of Azra Naheed Medical College Lahore, medical students were divided into two groups (A&B) on the basis of their academicperformance during the year 2021-2022 in professional and module examination. A Google form was developed by the authors of thisstudy which consisted of 13 questionsregarding the perception of students about the effect of counselling and guidance onmultiple factors affecting their academic performance. The form was posted in two official WhatsApp groups (A&B) of the class. In group A, students with good performance and high achievers were included andin group B average and failed students were included. Results: The findings show that the 40 students from group A and 42 students from group B responded to the questionnaire. A higher percentage of students belonging to both groupsresponded positively regarding the role of faculty counselling and guidance in hectic medical study schedules, preparation of professional exams, time management, social, domestic, attendanceissues and overall academic performance. 97.5% of students from group A & 100% of students from group B responded positively to question 12 about Career Counselling of medical students in medical colleges, 97.50% correlation was found in both groups. The result showed that students belonging to good academic performance and students who were average & with low academic performance responded positively to support the role of faculty members. Practical implication: Student counselling plays an important role in medical education. This study showed that positive response of medical students towards student counselling and academic guidance. Need of career counselling is also highlighted by students which raises the question of development of student counselling department in every medical institute. Conclusion: It has been found that there is an important role of faculty members in solving the academic &non-academic problems of students. In a recent study, students have recognised the supportive role of faculty members in the improvement of their academic performance through theirguidance and counselling. Keywords: Academic performance, counselling, guidance, faculty members, medical education, student perception

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) complications of dengue fever, a mosquito-borne single standard RNA virus illness, are reported in <1% of all cases. Hemorrhagic complications in severe forms of the disease can be life-threatening. The literature on cases, where hemorrhagic CNS complications necessitated neurosurgical intervention, is exceedingly sparse. The authors report their experience of a patient who developed an isolated acute subdural hematoma (SDH) due to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in the critical period of the illness with a poor prognosis. Despite a moribund patient, the SDH was immediately evacuated, achieving a good outcome. Case Description: A 65-year-old male patient was admitted with high-grade febrile illness and diagnosed with dengue. The patient had no focal neurology and was managed adequately following the primary survey on admission but, then, developed severe thrombocytopenia and eventually the critical phase of dengue illness. On the 5th admission day, the patient collapsed. Glasgow Coma Score was 3/15 with bilaterally dilated, fixed pupils. Immediate computed tomography head revealed a large left SDH with a significant midline shift. SDH was emergently evacuated with two units of platelets transfused peroperatively and two additional units postoperatively. Thrombocytopenia resolved within 48 h, and interval scanning showed gradual resolution of SDH. The patient was discharged 18 days later. Five months later, on follow-up, the patient is well with mild left-sided weakness and an Extended Glasgow Outcome Score of 7. Conclusion: Isolated SDH is a rare but life-threatening hemorrhagic complication of DHF. Even in the critical phase of illness, with severe thrombocytopenia, surgical evacuation should be considered if the SDH is present in isolation, within an accessible area, and can be operated on immediately.