HIV/AIDS remains the greatest public health concern in the world. Nowadays HIV-AIDS is considered as a chronic disease due to the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy. This therapy has significantly improved the status of the infected population, making HIV a manageable illness. However, recent studies suggest that exposure to antiretroviral medications may have marked adverse effects, independent of HIV status. This review article gives a note on the demerits of the therapy, major complications and metabolic abnormalities that occur as a consequence of HAART. The effect of antiretroviral (ARV) therapies on the incidence of serious non-AIDS events (SNAEs) has also been considered.

Since 1981 when first AIDS cases were identified in United States followed by Africa there has been growing understanding in the trajectory of HIV/AIDS across the world. The disease has caused unpredicted suffering, loss of life and disruption of family, social and economic abilities. Many therapies were introduced to treat AIDS. Those therapies have provided many insights in development of vaccine to decrease the pathogenecity and virulence of HIV. Here I will be discussing the strategies involved in the development of therapies for HIV. The treatments include Traditional vaccine designs, Novel Vaccine Designs and Antiretrovirals such as Protease inhibitors, Nucleotide Inhibitors, GP120 Inhibitors and modes of their action.