Background: Forward head posture (FHP) is an exaggerated anterior lower cervical curve and posterior upper thoracic curve, leading to excessive anterior positioning of the head concerning a vertical reference line, accompanying rounded shoulders with thoracic kyphosis, this Occurs due to imbalance between posterior and anterior neck muscles, causing neck pain. Exercise treatments are effective in reducing FHP alongside associated neck pain. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to October 2019 on 60 patients diagnosed with FHP from different hospitals of Quetta and were equally distributed into two groups, each containing 30 participants. Group A was given stretching exercises and group B was given isometric exercises for 2 weeks. The visual analog scale was used to assess patients before and after treatment. Data were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.Result: Patients were having a mean age of +30.42, Most of them were males (n=34, 57.0%) and from age group of 41-60 years (n=33, 55.0%). Moderate severity was reported by (n=41, 58.3%) and both cervical and thoracic regions were involved in (n=36, 60.0%). Before treatment most of patients were having pain intensity of 6 (n=21, 35.0%) and after treatment were having pain intensity 4 (n=24, 40.0%). There was no significant difference in pain reduction between both interventional groups. Conclusion:The study concludes that both techniques, the isometric strength training, and stretching exercises are equally effective in correcting forward head posture and associated neck pain reduction.

Objective: Assessment of the effectiveness of proprioceptive and isometric exercises in patients of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods:The experimental study was conducted among the 40 patients who had confi rmed diagnosis of knee OA. The 40 patients were randomized into separate two groups A & B. The group A received proprioceptive exercise, whereas group B were given the isometric exercises. The data was collected before and after the treatment by using the visual analogue scale for assessing the pain intensity, whereas the analogue goniometer was used for assessing the range of motion of knee joint. After collection, the data was analyzed by using statistical packages for social sciences (Spss) version 22.Results: Patients of group A were heaving the mean age of (45.24 ± 11.52) and the patients of group B were having the mean age of (50.25 ± 12.12). Among the patients of group A, after the treatment the Knee range of motion was (113, ± 7.042), whereas among the patients of group B that was (107, ± 6.601). During the check of Vas scale, group A patients reported (4.01, ± 1.197) and group B reported (3.69, ± 1.054). Proprioceptive and isomeric exercises were statistically signifi cant (p<0.05) to fl exion range of motion and pain intensity, separately.Discussion: In current study the both exercises (proprioceptive & isometric were signifi cant in the management of Knee OA patients. Furthermore the proprioceptive exercises were found signifi cant in enhancing the range of motion of knee joint), while the isometrics gave good results in pain management.

Aim: To assess the self-efficacy of patient centeredness and its implication rates among physical therapists of Sindh, Pakistan. Study Design: A cross sectional study. Place and Duration: The Study was conducted from August to December 2017. The data was collected from different hospitals of Sindh, Pakistan, Agha Khan Hospital, Liaquat National Hospital, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Rabia moon Hospital, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Jijal Mauu Hospital. Methodology: The Self-Efficacy in Patient Centeredness Questionnaire (SEPCQ-27) consisting of (1-27) scoring key, with total score of 108 was distributed among 377 physical therapists while 305 were filled and returned. The Data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21. Results: Most of the participants were from age group of 24-29 years (n=252, 82.6%) and were male (n=194, 63.6%). Most of the participants were having experience of 1-5 years (n=251, 82.3%), working in general hospital setting (n=133, 43.6). The working hours ranges between 4-8 hours (n=194, 63.6%). Most of the participants reported high degree (n=270, 88.5%) of patient centeredness. Minimum reported score on SEPCQ-27 was 41 while the maximum reported score was 108. Conclusion: The study concludes that self-efficacy in patient centered care among physiotherapists of Sindh, Pakistan was high. The study also reported that physiotherapists implement patient centered care to higher degrees, It has positive influence on outcomes, patient satisfaction, patient-therapist relation, patients health related quality of life, adherence to treatment and physical and mental wellness.