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RESUMOO objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar empiricamente a formação de classes equivalentes com participantes com idade avançada utilizando a estrutura de treino CaN e arranjo de treinos e testes do "simples para o complexo". Três idosos, entre 76 e 83 anos, foram expostos ao procedimento de ensino baseado em emparelhamento com o modelo com o propósito de ensinar-lhes novas discriminações condicionais entre estímulos abstratos e depois testar essas relações para averiguar a formação de classes equivalentes. Os resultados demonstraram que os participantes aprenderam as relações condicionais, requerendo um número de repetições dos blocos de treino de linha de base que variou entre 4,83 e 8,37 em média. Além disso, os três participantes apresentaram no teste de equivalência porcentagem de acertos acima de 80%. Dessa forma, foi possível observar sistematicamente a formação de classes de equivalência com participantes idosos usando a estrutura de treino CaN e o arranjo de treinos e testes do "simples para o complexo".Palavras-chave: equivalência de estímulos, emparelhamento com o modelo, formação de classes equivalentes, idosos. ABSTRACTThe present study evaluated empirically the formation of equivalence classes with elderly participants using the structure of "comparison-as-node" (CaN) training and the training design of the baseline conditional relations and the probe for emergent relations called "simple to complex". Three participants aged between 76 and 83 years old were exposed to a matching to sample procedure to learn new conditional discriminations between arbitrary stimuli and then such relations were tested to check for the formation of equivalence classes. The results demonstrated that the participants learned the conditional relations, requiring on average between 4.83 and 8.37 repetitions of the baseline training blocks. All participants reached a score of more than 80% in the equivalence test. Thus it was possible to observe the emergence of equivalence classes with elderly participants using the structure of CaN training and the training design "simple to complex".

Dementia comprises incurable neurodegenerative disorders that mainly affect cognitive function and language. At present, pharmacological and neuropsychological rehabilitation are the interventions that are most often recommended.This paper aimed to evaluate how behavior analysis is helping in the development of nonpharmacological interventions. A search was conducted of databases and journals on behavior analysis using the descriptors Aging, Alzheimer, Dementia, Elderly, Behavioral Gerontology, Behavioral Approach, and Behavioral Therapy. From the 15,024 publications retrieved, 16 were selected as behavior-analysis research on cognition and language. We present and discuss the main results from these publications.

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