Learning in the digital age is a pervasive idea that encompasses all aspects of a person's life, including work and leisure. As a result of the development of new teaching and learning tools, an increasing number of students are acquiring knowledge on the Internet- connected to the Internet. Therefore, all citizens must develop digital literacy as a lifelong learning skill. Studies have been conducted on students' digital skills in higher education institutions. In this context, this study aimed to investigate the skills of college students. The participants were students from a university in the Kazan region of Russia who volunteered to participate. Three hundred and eighty students completed the questionnaire online. The scale consists of a total of 25 questions and six dimensions. Since our independent variables are binary values, we applied the Bayesian t-test. We obtained the values of the Bayes factor (BF10) for each dimension and the total scale. In general, students' digital skills are well-developed. However, it was found that creating and using digital information requires fewer skills than in other areas. The hypothesis that there is no difference based on student gender was supported to a higher degree but not to a very high degree. The hypothesis that there is no difference based on students' fields of study was supported to a greater extent, but only to a moderate extent.

Science communication has recently gained importance in many countries worldwide. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis to evaluate the scientific output of science communication in STEM education in the SCOPUS database for 2000-2022. For this purpose, the published studies on science communication were analyzed bibliometrically, and the trend of the last 22 years was shown. The database SCOPUS was used for data collection. The studies were analyzed under the following subheadings: Number of publications per year, type of publications, the language of publications, citation analysis, country collaborations, common citation networks, and conceptual trends. The results showed that the number of articles increased between 2019 and 2022. The United States and the United Kingdom had the most publications. The results also showed that the countries with the most collaboration in co-authored studies were Germany, the United States, Finland, Australia, and the Netherlands. Most published authors were mainly from the United States and Australia. The results of peer-reviewed journals demonstrated that the highest bibliographic link strengths included the International Journal of Science Education-Part B, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, Science Communication, Public Understanding of Science, and Journal of Science Communication. In addition, the most frequently used keywords were science communication, science education, education, human, communication, public understanding of science, and stem. Educational implications are drawn in the conclusion.

Introduction. Transition of the education system to the new state standards defined social order to the teacher: ensure that each student achieves learning results of such quality level which corresponds with the requirements of society. This goal achievement will require significant changes in the field of professional teaching activity, development of new relevant approaches. Teachers’ experience of classes organization in different educational institutions in the framework of their upskilling and retraining in the Institute of Teacher Career Development (Moscow, Russia) shows that their professional activities and the didactic materials used do not adequately implement the psychological patterns of the educational process. They do not adequately implement the processes of mastering and formation of students’ mental actions and concepts, thinking activity; and the teaching and learning activity of the students do not correspond to its psychological structure and content. Teachers reduce the meaning and content of their activity to explaining the material, transferring the «finished» knowledge to the student and demonstrating methods of solving practical problems in a specific domain in the form of samples or algorithms. At that, the emphasis is largely laid on hereditary and individual capabilities of educational process subjects, rather than on universal psychological mechanisms of social experience adoption process. Despite all attempts to optimize the educational process, educational institutions graduates’ proficiency level varies. The adoption of the Russian federal target program of education development for 2016-2020 meets the requirements of modern innovative socially oriented development of the Russian Federation. It highlighted the problem of educational process theory and its organization practice failure to solve the problem of quality education inavailability for each learner. The researches of foreign authors in the field of education conducted over the past 20 years give the priority to the problem of providing quality educational results by the teacher, the solution of which is directly related to the development of his or her professional activity, new educational technologies and courseware for the educational process. The purpose of this work is to assess the impact of the quality of education on the economic development of the country in social and labour relations. Results. The conducted research allows us to confirm that changes in the state of development of social and labour relations in the national economy in the direction of improvement or degradation are due to a number of factors of macroeconomic, demographic and migration nature and indicators of the education sector effectiveness. At the same time, educational factors both in aggregate in the form of an integral indicator (for the 3rd block of factors), and separately (for indicators: trained (graduated) qualified workers and university graduates, the share of employed graduates of technical education institutions and universities financing education by the public sector) have a direct significant relationship. Conclusions. The study confirms that the changes in the development of social and industrial relations in the national economy towards improvement or degradation are caused by a number of macroeconomic, demographic and migration background factors and indicators of the effectiveness of the education sector. Factors such as educational-related in the form of an integral indicator, as well as separately have direct significant relationship.