Irigasi saluran akar merupakan tahapan penting dalam menunjang keberhasilan perawatan saluran akar. Mikroorganisme paling resisten dan sering ditemukan pada kasus setelah dilakukan perawatan saluran akar adalah Enterococcus faecalis, dengan prevalensi berkisar 24-77%. Chlorhexidine digluconate dengan konsentrasi 2% digunakan untuk larutan irigasi saluran akar yang efektif, namun tidak memiliki kemampuan untuk melarutkan jaringan nekrotik. Cuka sari apel memiliki kandungan asam organik yaitu asam asetat dapat yang dapat bertindak sebagai antimikroba yang dapat menyebabkan hilangnya integritas sel. Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh antibakteri, daya hambat, kadar hambat minimum, dan kadar bunuh minimum sediaan cuka sari apel terhadap bakteri Enterococcus faecalis dengan Chlorhexidine digluconate 2% sebagai kelompok kontrol terhadap pertumbuhan Enterococcus faecalis. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi suatu dasar pengembangan cuka sari apel sebagai bahan irigasi saluran akar dan dapat mengetahui aktivitas daya hambat optimum dari sediaan cuka sari apel terhadap bakteri Enterococcus faecalis secara in vitro.Desain penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental labotratorik secara in vitro menggunakan metode difusi cakram (Tes Kirby-Bauer) dengan pengamatan zonahambat. Data yang diukur adalah diameter zona hambat dari pertumbuhan bakteri Enterococcus faecalis dengan menggunakan jangka sorong dalam satuan milimeter (mm). Kadar bunuh bakteri pada penelitian ini diadaptasi dari metode yang dikembangkan oleh CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standart Institute, 2014) dengan modifikasi.Diameter zona hambat cuka apel meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi, bahkan pada konsentrasi minimal 25% dapat membunuh bakteriEnterococcus faecalis Potensi antibakteri cuka apel setara dengan Chlorhexidine digluconate 2%.

Maintaining dental pulp vitality and preventing tooth loss are two challenges in endodontic treatment. A tooth lacking a viable pulp loses its defense mechanism and regenerative ability, making it more vulnerable to severe damage and eventually necessitating extraction. The tissue engineering approach has drawn attention as an alternative therapy as it can regenerate dentin-pulp complex structures and functions. Stem cells or progenitor cells, extracellular matrix, and signaling molecules are triad components of this approach. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are a promising, noninvasive source of stem cells for tissue regeneration. Not only can SHEDs regenerate dentin-pulp tissues (comprised of fibroblasts, odontoblasts, endothelial cells, and nerve cells), but SHEDs also possess immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive properties. The collagen matrix is a material of choice to provide structural and microenvironmental support for SHED-to-dentin pulp tissue differentiation. Growth factors regulate cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation into specific phenotypes via signal-transduction pathways. This review provides current concepts and applications of the tissue engineering approach, especially SHEDs, in endodontic treatment.

Cancer is a disease that can threaten human life.

Currently, the challenge in dentistry is to revitalize dental pulp by utilizing tissue engineering technology; thus, a biomaterial is needed to facilitate the process. One of the three essential elements in tissue engineering technology is a scaffold. A scaffold acts as a three-dimensional (3D) framework that provides structural and biological support and creates a good environment for cell activation, communication between cells, and inducing cell organization. Therefore, the selection of a scaffold represents a challenge in regenerative endodontics. A scaffold must be safe, biodegradable, and biocompatible, with low immunogenicity, and must be able to support cell growth. Moreover, it must be supported by adequate scaffold characteristics, which include the level of porosity, pore size, and interconnectivity; these factors ultimately play an essential role in cell behavior and tissue formation. The use of natural or synthetic polymer scaffolds with excellent mechanical properties, such as small pore size and a high surface-to-volume ratio, as a matrix in dental tissue engineering has recently received a lot of attention because it shows great potential with good biological characteristics for cell regeneration. This review describes the latest developments regarding the usage of natural or synthetic scaffold polymers that have the ideal biomaterial properties to facilitate tissue regeneration when combined with stem cells and growth factors in revitalizing dental pulp tissue. The utilization of polymer scaffolds in tissue engineering can help the pulp tissue regeneration process.

bjective: The purpose of this study was to determine the exact values of MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration) and MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) of beluntas leaf extract against Streptococcus mutans colonies. Material and Methood: This study used Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 and ethanol extract of beluntas leaves with concentrations: 250 g/ml, 125 g/ml, 62.5 g/ml, 31.3 g/ml, 15.6 g/ml, 7.8 g /ml, 3.9 g/ml and 1.95μg/ml. This study used two methods, Broth Microdilution and Total Plate Count techniques as the designated method for the purpose of counting bacteria. Furthermore, the data analysis test was carried out to analyze normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. If the data distribution shows normal, then one way ANOVA parametric test is performed to determine the significance between the beluntas leaf extract and the number of streptococcus mutans bacteria, which will then be further examined using the Post-Hoc Test with the Tuckey method to find out which dataset is the most significantly different in among others. Results: The beluntas leaf extract showed significant bacterial properties against Streptococcus mutans (P-Value = 0.00) which was expressed through definite MBC and MIC values. The results showed that the MIC and MBC values were 62.5 g/ml and 125 g/ml, respectively against Streptococcus mutans colonies. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study was that the ethanol extract of the leaves of beluntas (Pluchea Indica L) showed antibacterial properties as indicated by the MIC value at a concentration of 62.5μg/ml and the MBC at a concentration of 125μg/ml against streptococcus mutans.