RESUMO Infecção relacionada com assistência à saúde (IRAS) é atribuída aos quadros adquiridos tanto no momento da admissão em ambientes de atenção à saúde, quanto durante a internação, e até mesmo após alta médica, sendo assim, correlacionada com a permanência hospitalar. Na rotina cirúrgica veterinária, pacientes tanto hígidos quanto imunocomprometidos, tornam-se susceptíveis. Ressalva-se, que a ferida cirúrgica infectada por microrganismos endógenos ou exógenos, com classificação de multirresistentes ou não, pode desencadear quadros sépticos. Denomina-se infecção no sítio cirúrgico (ISC), a colonização da ferida cirúrgica por microrganismos, sendo sua ocorrência no pós-operatório, uma das principais complicações relacionadas à IRAS. Os principais fatores que podem levar a ISC estão ligados ao pré, trans e pós-operatório. Os médicos veterinários que atuam diretamente em ambiente hospitalar, devem estar preparados para prevenir e tratar casos de ISC de maneira integrada e dinâmica. Entre as ferramentas importantes nesse processo, destacam-se os programas multidisciplinares de Antibiotic Stewardship associados ao desenvolvimento de técnicas diagnósticas rápidas e ao incentivo de medidas consagradas para o controle da infecção hospitalar. Objetiva-se com o presente trabalho ressaltar os principais fatores de risco, medidas profiláticas, e o programa Antibiotic Stewardship, para o controle da ISC.
Objetivo: Avaliar os conhecimentos de cuidadores quanto a identificação das lesões de pele em idosos e os cuidados que consideram corretos nestas situações. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, com cuidadores de idosos atendidos em hospital universitário do Distrito Federal. Foi utilizado pré e pós-teste, com perguntas sobre tipo, causa e tratamento de lesões de pele comuns em idosos. Resultados: Amostra com 31 cuidadores, 93,5% mulheres, média de idade 45,2 anos, 48,4% filhos dos idosos, 93,5% relataram não possuir curso para ser cuidador. No pré-teste a lesão mais reconhecida foi a dermatite na área de fraldas (48,39%). No pós-teste houve melhora no reconhecimento para todos os itens avaliados com 50% ou mais acertos. Conclusão: Os resultados demonstraram que algumas lesões já eram conhecidas pelos cuidadores por fazerem parte do dia-a-dia do cuidado com o idoso, sendo fáceis de serem reconhecidas, assim a orientação educativa realizada torna-se um método eficaz na identificação de lesões.
Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically review the methodologies used for BE evaluation/identification diagnosis in clinical trials (CT) with adults. Methods: The search was performed on PUBMED until July 2018. The PRISMA statement was used to improve the reporting of results.Results: 93 CTs were included among the 225 studies retrieved. The main BE evaluation/identification methods used in studies were: Binge Eating Scale; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale; Eating Disorder Examination; Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire; Eating Disorder Inventory; Loss of Control Over Eating Scale and Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire. Overlaps between methods were observed in studies, 61 used both DSM and an evaluation instrument, 06 only DSM and 26 only standardized questionnaires to assess BE disorder. Conclusions: The DSM-5 diagnostic criterion for binge eating disorder is considered excellent and widely used, however, when the objective of the study is to identify emotional, nutritional and qualitative issues, a questionnaire or interview about subjective perceptions can be used in a complementary way.
Artificial selective breeding of man-induced breeds of dogs and cats has had major impacts mainly on the welfare of these animals. Although it spawned a wide variety of breeds, the modifications made in their anatomical structures inevitably entailed physiological and behavioral changes in some canine and feline breeds, bringing great consequences to them. By interfering in the anatomical conformation of the skull bones of dogs and cats by modifying the shape and size of the head, there is a narrowing of the airways, making it difficult to pass air. Consequently, respiratory disorders affected the animals with short snout causing the Brachycephalic Airway Obstruction Syndrome (Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome-BOAS) or Brachycephalic Syndrome. This syndrome is characterized mainly by disorders of the airways, which lead to the obstruction of the same of progressive form. The abnormalities that compose them are composed of anatomical changes classified as primary and secondary that can be treated if identified, although not all of them can be corrected surgically. It is a progressive disease, leading to secondary changes that may be irreversible to the animal. Such changes are consequences of a process of chronic obstruction caused by the primary abnormalities of the syndrome. Due to the importance of its knowledge by the veterinarian, this work aimed to perform a literature review aimed mainly at the main anatomical abnormalities of the airways that contribute to the Brachycephalic Airway Obstructive Syndrome, and their respective surgical indications.
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