Background The aim of this study was to primarily determine factors associated with the depressive disorders in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Methods CAPD patients were recruited from the chronic kidney disease and CAPD Clinic of University Hospital. The stable CAPD patients for at least 3 months were included in the study. Sociodemographic data, renal conditions, and depressive disorder were evaluated. In addition to determining prevalence rate of depressive disorders, identification of factors associated with depressive disorders in CAPD patients were analyzed by using the multivariable logistic regression analysis with backward elimination procedure. Results The eligible participants were 108 patients. The study found that 11% of CAPD patients were diagnosed with depressive disorders including, minor depressive, dysthymic, and major depressive disorders. Additionally, the depressive disorders were associated with the duration between the diagnosis date of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and the initial treatment date ( P =0.043). Accordingly, the ESRD patients diagnosed in <12 months had 3.57-fold higher risk of depressive disorders than the patients diagnosed after a long time. Conclusion The rate of prevalence for depressive disorder is high in the CAPD patients. Additionally, the results of this study have shown the relationship between depressive disorder and time for diagnosis of ESRD. Specifically, the risk of depressive disorder increases when patients have a shorter duration between the dates of ESRD diagnosis and initial treatment. In addition to closed monitoring for those patients, the psychiatrists should be consulted for evaluation and treatment of depressive disorders for the suspected high risk patients.

Air pollutants, especially particulate matter (PM) ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5) and PM ≤ 10 µm (PM10), are a major concern in upper northern Thailand. Data from a retrospective cohort comprising 9820 lung cancer patients diagnosed from 2003 to 2018 were obtained from the Chiang Mai Cancer Registry, and used to evaluate mortality and survival rates. Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify the association between the risk of death and risk factors including gender, age, cancer stage, smoking history, alcohol-use history, calendar year of enrollment, and time-updated PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and O3 concentrations. The mortality rate was 68.2 per 100 persons per year of follow-up. In a multivariate analysis, gender, age, cancer stage, calendar year of enrollment, and time-varying residential concentration of PM2.5 were independently associated with the risk of death. The lower the annually averaged PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations, the higher the survival probability of the patient. As PM2.5 and PM10 were factors associated with a higher risk of death, lung cancer patients who are inhabitant in the area should reduce their exposure to high concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 to increase survival rates.

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Although HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is free in Thailand, many transgender women discontinue taking it after initiation. We determined the loss to follow-up (LTFU) rate of transgender women who initiated PrEP at the Mplus Foundation, Chiang Mai, Thailand, and identified associated risk factors using Cox proportional hazard models. Of 235 participants who initiated PrEP, 59 (55%) out of 108 remaining participants had reactive syphilis. The LTFU rate at 6 months was 38% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 29–48%). Multivariable analysis indicates that LTFU is independently associated with age ≥ 26 years old (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 2.09; 95% CI: 1.06–4.14) and reactive syphilis (aHR = 1.98; 95% CI:1.01–3.88). Delayed appointment scheduling by the PrEP providers and the syphilis clinic was associated with transgender women having reactive syphilis, and the lockdown policy during the COVID-19 pandemic might have influenced them to discontinue PrEP and their subsequent LTFU.

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