was isolated from a tidal flat at Gwangyang Bay, South Korea. Cells were moderately halophilic, catalase-and oxidase-positive rods. Growth of strain GY20 T was observed at 10-30 6C(optimum, 25 6C), at pH 6.5-11.0 (optimum, pH 7.0-8.0) and in the presence of 1-5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2-3 %). MK-6 was detected as the sole isoprenoid quinone, and iso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 15 : 1 G, summed feature 3 (comprising C 16 : 1 v7c and/or C 16 : 1 v6c), summed feature 9 (iso-C 17 : 1 v9c and/or 10-methyl C 16 : 0 ), iso-C 17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C 15 : 0 3-OH as major fatty acids. Strain GY20 T contained phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified glycolipid and one unidentified lipid as major polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 39.8 mol%.Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain GY20 T formed a tight phyletic lineage with members of the genus Maribacter. Strain GY20 T was most closely related to Maribacter dokdonensis DSW-8 T , with sequence similarity of 96.2 %. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular properties, strain GY20T was shown to represent a novel species within the genus Maribacter, for which the name Maribacter aestuarii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GY20

A Gram-staining-negative, facultatively aerobic bacterium, designated SM-2T, was isolated from a sea-tidal flat of Yellow Sea, South Korea. Cells were catalase- and oxidase-positive motile rods with a single polar flagellum. Growth of strain SM-2T was observed at 10–37 °C (optimum, 25–30 °C), at pH 5.5–8.5 (optimum, pH 7.0–7.5) and in the presence of 0–11 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2 %). Strain SM-2T contained ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) as the sole isoprenoid quinone and C17 : 1ω8c, summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C17 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acids. Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified lipid were identified as the major cellular polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 52.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SM-2T formed a tight phyletic lineage with Zhongshania antarctica ZS5-23T, Zhongshania guokunii ZS6-22T and Spongiibacter borealis CL-AS9T, but that S. borealis CL-AS9T was distinct from other species of the genus Spongiibacter . Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, strain SM-2T was most closely related to S. borealis CL-AS9T, Z. antarctica ZS5-23T and Z. guokunii ZS6-22T, with similarities of 99.5 %, 98.9 % and 98.7 %, respectively, but the DNA–DNA hybridization values among these species were clearly lower than 70 %. On the basis of chemotaxonomic data and molecular properties, we propose strain SM-2T represents a novel species of the genus Zhongshania with the name Zhongshania aliphaticivorans sp. nov. (type strain SM-2T = KACC 18120T = JCM 30138T). We also propose the transfer of Spongiibacter borealis Jang et al. 2011 to the genus Zhongshania as Zhongshania borealis comb. nov. (type strain CL-AS9T = KCCM 90094T = JCM 17304T).

A Gram-staining-negative, motile, weakly halophilic and facultatively aerobic bacterium, designated strain YA11T , was isolated from tidal flat sediment at Yeongam Bay, South Korea.Strain YA11 T grew at 10-30 6C (optimum, 20 6C), at pH 6.0-10.0 (optimum, pH 6.5-7.5) and in the presence of 1-6 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2-3 %). The major cellular fatty acids of the strain were summed feature 3 (

Aestuariicella hydrocarbonica gen. nov., sp. nov., an aliphatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated from a sea tidal flat A Gram-staining-negative, strictly aerobic bacterial strain, designated SM-6 T , was isolated from a sea tidal flat of the Dangjin bay, South Korea. Strain SM-6 T was able to degrade a broad range of aliphatic hydrocarbons. Cells were catalase-and oxidase-positive and non-motile rods. Growth of strain SM-6 T was observed at 10-37 8C (optimum, 20-25 8C), at pH 5.5-9.0 (optimum, pH 6.5-7.5) and in the presence of 0-10 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2-3 %). The only isoprenoid quinone detected was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8). C 17:1 v8c, C 11:0 3-OH, summed feature 3 (comprising C 16:1 v7c and/or C 16:1 v6c), C 9:0 3-OH and C 10:0 3-OH were observed as the major cellular fatty acids and phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and four unidentified lipids were detected as polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 47.5 mol%. Strain SM-6 T was most closely related to Pseudomaricurvus alkylphenolicus KU41G T (95.5 %), Maricurvus nonylphenolicus KU41E T (94.4 %) and Pseudoteredinibacter isoporae SW-11 T (94.3 %), based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, and phylogenetic analyses showed that strain SM-6 T formed a phyletic lineage distinct from the closely related genera. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular features, strain SM-6 T represents a novel genus and species of the order Alteromonadales in the class Gammaproteobacteria, for which name Aestuariicella hydrocarbonica gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SM-6 T (5KACC 18121 T 5JCM 30134 T ).

A novel Gram-staining-positive, non-endospore-forming, aerobic bacterium, designated strain SJ5-4 T , was isolated from seau-jeot, a traditional food that is made by fermentation of highly salted [approximately 25 % (w/v)] shrimp in Korea. Cells were moderately halophilic, non-motile cocci or short rods that showed catalase-and oxidase-positive reactions. Growth of strain SJ5-4 T was observed at 15-40 6C (optimum, 30 6C), at pH 6.0-9.5 (optimum, pH 6.5-7.0) and in the presence of 1-17 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 6 %). The major cellular fatty acids of strain SJ5-4 T were anteiso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 15 : 0 , anteiso-C 17 : 0 , iso-C 16 : 0 and C 16 : 0. Phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, an unidentified phospholipid, three glycolipids and an unidentified lipid were detected as the polar lipids. Strain SJ5-4 T belonged to the exceptionally small group of strains within the order Micrococcales that show a peptidoglycan cross-linked according to the A-type but containing 2,4-diaminobutyric acid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 61.8 mol%. MK-7, MK-8 and MK-9 were detected as the isoprenoid quinones. Strain SJ5-4 T was most closely related to members of the genus Nesterenkonia, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 93.1-94.8 %. However, phylogenetic inference based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SJ5-4 T formed a phyletic lineage distinct from members of the genus Nesterenkonia within the family Micrococcaceae. On the basis of its phenotypic and molecular features, strain SJ5-4 T represents a novel genus and species of the family Micrococcaceae, for which the name Garicola koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Garicola koreensis is SJ5-4 T (5KACC 16909 T 5JCM 18572 T 5DSM 28238 T). The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain SJ5-4 T is JX152781. Two supplementary figures and a supplementary table are available with the online Supplementary Material.