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Abstract-Use of water with different molecular mobilities could affect drug dissolution of a dosage form and such profile of water might be modifiable using microwave. This study investigated the effects of microwave on water and its influences on dissolution of free drugs and drugs in calcium-crosslinked alginate beads using sulphanilamide and sulphamerazine as hydrophilic and hydrophobic model drugs respectively. The water was treated by microwave at 300 W or without pre-treatment. The drug dissolution, pH and molecule mobility profiles of untreated and microwave-treated water were examined. Microwave-treated water had higher pH and water molecule mobility. The latter was characterized by higher conductivity, lower molecular interaction and crystallinity profiles. The dissolution of hydrophilic and hydrophobic free or encapsulated drugs was enhanced using microwave-treated water due to its higher molecular mobility. The untreated water of the same pH as microwave-treated water did not enhance drug dissolution. The drug dissolution from beads was increased by higher water uptake leading to matrix erosion and pore formation using microwave-treated water and was not promoted by the formation of non-crosslinked hydrated alginic acid matrix in untreated water of lower pH. Microwave treatment of water increased water molecule mobility and can promote drug dissolution.

Abstract. Mobile e-health is currently a develop technology where people nowadays can connect to the healthcare centre through medical body area network sensors and mobile devices. Since the data transmitted through the mobile e-health system are extremely sensitive and private, a strong authentication needs to be implemented in the network system. Due to high demand in e-health monitoring system, e-health authentication has become the main concern in the network system since it will transmit patient data to the healthcare server. In addition, the e-health server will store all of the patient vital signs for further analysis by the healthcare personnel. This paper presents a secure and strong identity based authentication protocol for mobile e-health monitoring system using IBE_Trust algorithm and Pulse_Sensor mobile application that will eliminate a lot of security weaknesses in mobile e-health. Through security analysis, we are able to demonstrate that this authentication scheme is more secure and efficient compared to the current e-health authentication protocol.

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