Makalah ini membincangkan kesedaran kebangsaan golongan rakyat di Tanah Melayu selepas Perang Dunia Kedua khususnya dengan kemunculan PKMM. Mereka menjadi satu gerakan yang dinamik dan tidak tertakluk kepada kerangka politik Melayu tradisional. PKMM dianggap sebagai golongan radikal dalam politik Tanah Melayu. Dengan menggunakan kaedah perpustakaan maklumat berkenaan gerakan kiri dan faktor yang mempengaruhi gerakan kesedaran ini dicerap dari dokumen, buku, akhbar, majalah serta artikel yang berkaitan. Sumber-sumber ini dianalisis untuk menghasilkan artikel ini. Hasil kajian memperlihatkan golongan nasionalis kiri Melayu berjuang untuk membela nasib masyarakat Melayu yang semakin jauh ketinggalan berbanding golongan imigran dan secara terbuka menuntut kemerdekaan. Kesedaran golongan ini banyak dipengaruhi oleh semangat yang dicetuskan oleh negara luar seperti India, Timur Tengah dan juga Indonesia di samping peranan akhbar. Secara ringkasnya pengaruh luar melahirkan kesedaran dalam kalangan masyarakat Melayu bahawa rakyat mempunyai kuasa dalam sistem pemerintahan di tanah air sendiri.

Preserving faith is the most significant goal for Muslims. However, fulfilling these objectives in the best possible way according to the principle of maqāṣid al-sharī’ah(the objective of Islamic law) within the framework of the dual system of Malaysian law is challenging. Preserving faith within maqāṣid al-sharī’ah discussion provides enormous opportunities for Muslims to nurture and protect their Islamic faith while regulating the laws that prohibit any harmful elements that could jeopardize it. The Federal Constitution of Malaysia guarantees everyone's freedom of religion. However, freedom of religion provided under Malaysian law has restrictions due to the uniqueness of Malaysian history. This article critically discusses the maqasidic-approach adopted to preserve Muslim child's faith. This article examines the government's effort to maintain Muslim child's faith concerning the laws and policies of education and Malaysian law on issues linked to the conversion of Muslims to other faiths and vice versa. The court decision on child's religion cases indicates a distinct feature of Muslim and non-Muslims' right to freedom of religion under Malaysian law. There are prospects for utilizing the maqāṣid al-sharī’ah framework effectively to promote the preservation of a child's faith in the context of Malaysian law.

This paper examines the conflict within the Hadrami Arab community in Malaya regarding the law of kafā’a (compatibility, equality) in Muslim marriage. The historical background and social stratification of the Hadrami Arabs who divided themselves into sayyids and non-sayyids will be discussed. The sayyids claim superiority over non-sayyids because of their purported descent from the Prophet Muhammad, but the non-sayyids refused to recognize them on the basis of the contradiction (based on the principle of equality in Islam). The doctrine of kafā’a upheld by the sayyids prohibited their daughters from marrying people from a non-sayyid family due to the latter’s inferior social status. This paper discusses several issues involving the opinions of the four Sunni schools of jurisprudence on kafā’a, the principle of equality in Islam as well as court decisions on forced marriage due to non compatibility factor.

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This paper examines Sheikh Dawud al-Fatani’s Īḍāḥu l-bāb li-murīdi l-nikāḥ bi-l-ṣawāb (“Explanation of the chapter for the one who desires a good marriage”), which outlines his understanding and mastery of the jurisprudence of Islamic family law. Al-Fatani is a renowned nineteenth-century Malay Muslim scholar, and his work is widely referred to in Islamic education institutions in the region. A close scrutiny of Īḍāḥu l-bāb offers a profound understanding of nineteenth-century Malay Muslims’ view of the institution of marriage. The foci of this paper include the general concept of marriage in Islam; guidelines on spouse selection; the obligations of both husband and wife; and the law on inter-religious marriage. In summary, al-Fatani shows that marriage requires a meticulous consideration of all parties involved; after all, family is a paramount social unit that needs to be preserved to ensure stability in the development of a society.