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Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased dramatically in the past 30 years. The World Health Organization has prepared an action plan to stop the increase in diabetes and obesity by 2025. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the effect of pilates on body composition and some biochemical parameters in women with T2DM on a high-complex-carbohydrate diabetic diet or a low-carbohydrate/high-monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) diet. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 120 woman patients with T2DM, referring to the Fatih Medical Park Hospital’s Internal Medicine Department, Istanbul, Turkey, between December 2018 and June 2019. Participants were divided into 4 groups and were followed up for 12 weeks. The mean participants’ age was 41.67 ± 3.83 years. The first group received a low-carbohydrate and high MUFA (LC, MUFA) diet, the second group received a low-carbohydrate and a high-MUFA diet and did pilates (LC, MUFA + PL), the third group received a higher complex carbohydrate (HCC) diet, and the fourth group took the HCC diet and did pilates (HCC + PL). Results: According to the applied intervention method, there were significant differences between the preliminary and final measurements of body mass index, body fat percentage, muscle mass, and fasting blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride (TG) values (P < 0.05). In this study, only an increase in body muscle composition of the women in the LC, MUFA + PL group was found significant (P < 0.05). The highest decrease in body fat ratio was determined again in the LC, MUFA + PL group (P < 0.05). HDL levels of the women who did pilates increased significantly than other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In the treatment of diabetes, the patient should be evaluated with a multidisciplinary team. Diet and exercise are important non-pharmacological interventions in the treatment of diabetes.

Her geçen gün giderek artan kanser oranı önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu haline gelmiştir. Kanser tedavisinde; kemoterapi, radyoterapi ve cerrahi yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Tedavi yöntemleri, beslenme bozukluklarına yol açarak hastada malnütrisyon ve kaşeksinin görülmesine neden olabilmektedir. Bu yüzden kanser tedavi sürecinde tıbbi beslenme tedavisi ile bütüncül yaklaşımın gerekliliği artık tüm kanser kılavuzlarında yer almaktadır. Kanser tanısı alındığı andan itibaren tedavi süresince gerekli tarama-değerlendirme testlerinin yapılması malnütrisyon ve kaşeksi durumlarının önlenmesi için son derece önemlidir. Bu derlemede amaç, kanser hastalarında beslenme durumunu optimum düzeyde tutmak için hangi tarama-değerlendirme testlerine başvurmamız gerektiğini irdelemektir.

Objective of Study: This study aims the comparison of weight and body composition changes in people who use and do not use protein in the first six months period after the bariatric surgery. Material and Method: This study was carried out on 144 patients who underwent bariatric surgery at a private foundation university between 10.01.2012 and 21.10.2014 and were followed up before and after the operation. The patients were separated into two groups those who use protein dust and who do not.The member quantity of two groups are equal and 72. Tanita Body Composition Analyzer TBF-300 was used to analyze the patients' body. Facts: The ages of the patients ranged from 18 to 68 years with an average of 37.87 ± 11.41 years, 63.3% using protein dust, and 36.7% not using protein dust although recommended. As a result of the study, the differences between the fat percentage ratios of the cases in both groups were statistically significant at postoperative 6th month controls (p<0.05). When the weight ratios of the cases were examined, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups. When the muscle ratios of both groups are evaluated; The difference between the body muscle ratios of the post op 1st month controls was statistically significant (p <0.05) and the difference between the body muscle ratios of the two groups at the post op 6th month controls was statistically highly significant (P<0.01). Results: As a result, it has been observed that the body fat percentage decreases more than the body fat percentage according to the second group, which does not receive protein powder supplementation, in group 1 cases, which regularly take protein powder supplementation, and that body fat weight is less well preserved.