Tomato (Lycopersicon esulentum) are considered one of the most vegetable crops for export as well as its importances in food processing. These are grown in Egypt at different seasons throughout the year in opened field and greenhouse especially in newly reclaimed desert land. They are subjected to be attacked, and suffered from several fungal, bacterial, viral and nematode diseases. Plant parasitic nematodes are one of the most important pests worldwide especially root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on tomato which considered one of the most economically important that cause great harmful effect on plants and losses in quality and quantity of yield . Results obtained from this present investigation can be summarized as follows: Adding different biocontrol agents i.e. (Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, and Trichoderma spp.) resulted in soil cultivated with infectious tomato plants with root-knot nematode to reducing the numbers of nematodes and egg and egg sacs and larval phases. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at different doses i.e. (0.5, 1 ,2 or 4%) and different application times (one week before, at the same time and one week after) nematode inoculation were evaluated on nematode parameters of tomato plants infected with Meloidogyne spp. Results showed that all different doses of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungisignificantly reduced all the nematode parameters i.e. number of galls, egg masses,. females / root system and number of J2 /250g soil compared to plants treated with nematode alone. Application AMF at 4% one week before nematode inoculation reduced the nematode parameters. The integration control of Meloidogyne spp. on tomato plants by using direct and indirect effect of the effective treatments were evaluated. Results of direct effect showed significantly reduction in all nematode parameters i. e. galls, egg masses and females / root system, as well as number of nematode juveniles. The greatest reduction in nematode parameters was recorded with the treatment of B. megaterium +T.harzianum + AMF 4% + Nematode and the integration control of Meloidogyne spp. on tomato plants by using indirect effect (split-root system) showed that the treatment of (B. megaterium + T. harzianum + AMF4% ) was the best treatment in controlling root-knot nematodes .

This research work was carried out under greenhouse condition to evaluate three different honeybee products i.e. royal jelly, bee venom and propolis at different concentrations to control root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica, on tomato plants. Results of this study revealed that all tested honeybee products at all concentrations significantly reduced all nematode parameters when compared with the treated plants with nematode alone. Applying the royal jelly at the rate of 1% was the highly effective in reducing all nematode parameters. The highest percentages of reduction in number of galls, egg-masses, developmental stages, females/root system, juveniles in soil, final nematode population (PF) as well as the reproduction factor (RF) were showed with this treatment by 97; 99; 100; 100; 92; 98 and 98%, respectively. The treatment of royal jelly at the concentration of 2% was the second effective one followed by bee venom in the third rank at the concentration of 0.005%. The lowest reduction obtained with the propolis at all tested concentration. Results also showed that all honey bee products at all concentrations enhanced markedly all plant growth parameters i.e. plant height; root length; fresh shoot and root weight. Results revealed that all applied treatments maintained on the cell wall and reduced the membrane permeability compared to plants treated with nematode alone. The lowest percentage membrane permeability (membrane leakage%) was found with the royal jelly at 1% as it reached 26% compared to the treated plants with nematode alone (reached 97%). The contents of the amino acid proline in plants was also affected with the applied treatments as the highest proline content was obtained with the same treatment of royal jelly at 1%.

In present study four different amino acids i.e. DL-Valine, DL-Methonine, DL-Asparagine and DL-Arginine with five different concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200 and 400 mg/ml) and two different application methods (soil drench and foliar spray) at two different application times (three days before and three days after nematode inoculation) were tested under both laboratory and greenhouse conditions to evaluate their influences on root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica and growth criteria of treated tomato plants. The results revealed that all tested amino acids at concentration of 400 mg/ml reduced significantly both eggs hatching and juveniles' viability compared to control (nematode treated with tap water) under in vitro conditions. The highest percentage of non-hatched eggs (68%) and dead juveniles (81%) was recorded by DL-Methonine amino acid followed by DL-Asparagine which percentage of non-hatched eggs and dead juveniles recorded 60% and 80%, respectively.

This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of two bio-control agents, mycorrhizal fungi and the endoparasitic bacterium Pasteuria penetrans in managing development of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica on tomato. Use of both bio-agents P. penetrans and mycorrhizal fungi, either alone or combined, reduced significantly all related nematode parameters on tomato plants infected with M. javanica. The reduction in galls, egg masses, females/root system and eggs/egg mass as well as juveniles in soil was highly significant when both bio-agents inoculated together as reached 76; 68; 74; 47 and 73%, respectively. Consequently, nematode infected plants that were treated with both bio-agents showed improvement in vegetative plant growth characters as reflected by a significant increase in the fresh shoots and roots as well as dry shoot weights of tomato compared with untreated plants. Moreover the contents of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in tomato plants treated with both bio-agents were also increased compared with those found in untreated nematode infected plants. The overall disease symptoms caused by nematode on tomato was markedly alleviated in the pots treated with the tested bioagents.