Abamectin, widely used as a veterinary anthelmintic, medicine against a variety of animal parasites and insects, can runoff from the sites of application and becomes an aquatic pollutant. The aim of this study was to identify the toxicity of abamectin on bacteria, algae, daphnids, and fish. An extremely high toxicity of avermectin to the survival and reproduction of Daphnia magna was observed in 21-day exposure tests. Zebrafish and the algae Scenedesmus subspicatus are less sensitive to avermectin. The compound is expected to have adverse effects on the aquatic environment due to its high toxicity, even at very low concentrations, to daphnids and to fish.

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An analytical procedure for the determination of abamectin and/or doramectin in sheep faeces has been developed. Avermectins were extracted from sheep faeces with acetonitrile, clean-up using solid phase extraction (SPE) and analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fl uorescence detection after derivatization with N-methylimidazole.The method has a low detection limit (1.0 ng/g of moist sheep faeces), low quanti fi cation limit (2.5 ng/g of moist sheep faeces), good recovery in the range 66.4-80.8% for abamectin and 67.7-85.5% for doramectin as well as good repeatability (>85%). The method is applicable to the study of the time pro fi le of excretion in sheep faeces and also for ecotoxicological studies of both avermectins.