The main objective of this paper is the integration of safety analysis in a SysML-based systems engineering approach in order to make it more effective and efficient. It helps to ensure the consistency between safety analyses and system design and then to avoid late errors and to reduce system development time. To achieve this purpose, we tackled the following axes: 1) formalizing a SysML-based design methodology that will be the support for safety analyses; 2) providing an extension of SysML to enable the integration of specific needs for safety concepts in the system model; and 3) performing an automated exploration of the SysML models to generate necessary information to elaborate safety artifacts such as failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) and fault tree analysis (FTA). The proposed methodology named safety integration in systems engineering (SafeSysE) is applied to a real case study from the aeronautics domain: electromechanical actuator (EMA).

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As today, vehicles are equipped with wireless sensors and on-board computers capable of collecting and processing a large amount of data; they can communicate to each other via different communication types and through different relay nodes. Internet of Vehicles (IoV) routing protocols are deployed to monitor these communications with various strategies to achieve a high availability of communication. In this paper, we propose to extend an existing taxonomy representing the necessary criteria to build IoV routing algorithms, by adding two new important criteria: security aspect and network architecture. Enhanced vehicular routing protocols with different security mechanisms have been studied, compared, and classified with respect to the authentication, the integrity, the confidentiality, the nonrepudiation, and the availability of data and communications. Routing protocols using the software-defined networking (SDN) paradigm have also been reviewed in order to compare with those with traditional network architectures. Three types of SDN routing protocols, namely, centralized, decentralized, and hybrid control planes, have been analyzed. This survey will be useful for the choice of IoV routing protocols that take into account the flexibility, the scalability, and the intelligence of vehicular networks, as well as the security mechanisms against cyberattacks while being cost aware.

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Model-based system engineering is an efficient approach to specifying, designing, simulating and validating complex systems. This approach allows errors to be detected as soon as possible in the design process, and thus reduces the overall cost of the product. Uniformity in a system engineering project, which is by definition multidisciplinary, is achieved by expressing the models in a common modeling language such as SysML. This paper presents an approach to integrate safety analysis in SysML at early stages in the design process of safety-critical systems. Qualitative analysis is performed through functional as well as behavioral safety analysis and strengthened by formal verification method. This approach is applied to a real-life avionic system and contributes to the integration of formal models in the overall safety and systems engineering design process of complex systems.