Diverse signals generated from the sensing elements embedded in flexible electronic skins (e-skins) are typically interfered by strain energy generated through processes such as touching, bending, stretching or twisting. Herein, we demonstrate a flexible bimodal sensor that can separate a target signal from the signal by mechanical strain through the integration of a multi-stimuli responsive gate dielectric and semiconductor channel into the single field-effect transistor (FET) platform.

Background: TREM2 is a microglial receptor, recently identified as a genetic risk factor for late onset AD. Results: Sequential proteolytic processing of TREM2 involves ectodomain shedding and intramembranous cleavage by ␥-secretase and affects signaling via its adaptor protein DAP12. Conclusion: ␥-Secretase-mediated intramembranous proteolysis modulates TREM2 signaling. Significance: Inhibition of ␥-secretase could impair TREM2 function in neuroinflammation.

Here we report a new type of stretchable transparent piezoelectric nanogenerator (NG) using an organic piezoelectric material consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] sandwiched with mobility-modified chemical vapor deposition-grown graphene electrodes by ferroelectric polarization into P(VDF-TrFE). This new type of NG has a very high sensitivity and mechanical durability with fully flexible, rollable, stretchable, foldable, and twistable properties. We also investigated the mobility-modified graphene electrodes with ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE) remnant polarization, and a mechanism is proposed for switching the mobility of the carriers by the ferroelectric remnant polarization. Upon exposure to the same input sound pressure, the measured output performance of the stretchable NG with a thin polydimethylsiloxane stretchable rubber template is up to 30 times that of a normal NG with a plastic substrate. Upon exposure to an air flow at the same speed, the measured output voltage from the stretchable NG is about 8 times larger than that of the normal NG. Broader contextA stretchable transparent nanogenerator (NG) with a high sensitivity having a thin PDMS rubber template which acts as a stretchable mechanical spring is investigated based on the modication of the mobility of graphene electrodes by ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE) remnant polarization. This new type of piezoelectric NG has stretchable, multi-shape transformable, and mechanically durable properties with a very high sensitivity. We demonstrate that upon their exposure to the same input sound pressure, the measured output performance of the stretchable NG is up to 30 times that of the normal NG and that upon their exposure to an air ow at the same speed, the measured output voltage from the stretchable NG shows a clear enhancement of up to about 8 times compared with that of the normal NG.

Background The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) threatens global malaria elimination efforts. Mass drug administration (MDA), the presumptive antimalarial treatment of an entire population to clear the subclinical parasite reservoir, is a strategy to accelerate malaria elimination. We report a cluster randomised trial to assess the effectiveness of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) MDA in reducing falciparum malaria incidence and prevalence in 16 remote village populations in Myanmar, Vietnam, Cambodia, and the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, where artemisinin resistance is prevalent. Methods and findings After establishing vector control and community-based case management and following intensive community engagement, we used restricted randomisation within village pairs to select 8 villages to receive early DP MDA and 8 villages as controls for 12 months, after which the control villages received deferred DP MDA. The MDA comprised 3 monthly rounds of 3 daily doses of DP and, except in Cambodia, a single low dose of primaquine. We conducted exhaustive cross-sectional surveys of the entire population of each village at quarterly intervals using ultrasensitive quantitative PCR to detect Plasmodium infections. The study was conducted between May 2013 and July 2017. The investigators randomised 16 villages that had a total of 8,445 residents at the start of the study. Of these 8,445 residents, 4,135 (49%) residents living in 8 villages, plus an additional 288 newcomers to the villages, were randomised to receive early MDA; 3,790 out of the 4,423 (86%) participated in at least 1 MDA round, and 2,520 out of the 4,423 (57%) participated in all 3 rounds. The primary outcome, P . falciparum prevalence by month 3 (M3), fell by 92% (from 5.1% [171/3,340] to 0.4% [12/2,828]) in early MDA villages and by 29% (from 7.2% [246/3,405] to 5.1% [155/3,057]) in control villages. Over the following 9 months, the P . falciparum prevalence increased to 3.3% (96/2,881) in early MDA villages and to 6.1% (128/2,101) in control villages (adjusted incidence rate ratio 0.41 [95% CI 0.20 to 0.84]; p = 0.015). Individual protection was proportional to the number of completed MDA rounds. Of 221 participants with subclinical P . falciparum infections who participated in MDA and could be followed up, 207 (94%) cleared their infections, including 9 of 10 with artemisinin- and piperaquine-resistant infections. The DP MDAs were well tolerated; 6 severe adverse events were detected during the follow-up period, but none was attributable to the intervention. Conclusions Added to community-based basic malaria control measures, 3 monthly rounds of DP MDA reduced the...

A new kind of flexible strain sensor based on a reduced graphene oxide field‐effect transistor (rGO FET) with ultrasensitivity, stability, and repeatability for the detection of tensile and compressive strains is demonstrated. The novelty of the rGO FET strain sensor is the incorporation of a rGO channel as a sensing layer in which the electrical resistance can be greatly modified upon application of an extremely low level of strain resulting in an intrinsically amplified sensing signal. The rGO FET device is ultrasensitive to extremely low strain levels, as low as 0.02%. Due to weak coupling between adjacent nanosheets, therefore, upon applying small levels of strain into the rGO thin film, a modulation of the internanosheet resistance (Rinter) is expected, inducing a large change in the transconductance of the rGO FET. Using a simple printing and self‐assembly process, the facile fabrication of an rGO FET array over a large area is also demonstrated. In addition, the device can detect small and rapid physical movements of the human body.