The research deals with The Violation of Cooperative Principle in Japanese Variety Show Gyouretsu no Dekkiru Houritsu Soudanjo. This research aims to identify types and function of the violation of cooperative principle in Japanese variety show gyouretsu no dekiru houritsu soudanjo. The theory used are cooperation principle (Grice, 1975) and speech acts theory (Searle, 1979). The data are collected using the method of referring by listening to the variety show and transcribing the data. This research is analyzed with padan pragmatic method.To present the result of data analysis using informal method. Based on the analysis, there are 20 forms of violation of cooperative principle. There are 7 data which violated the maxim of quantity, 4 data which violated the maxim of quality, 5 data which violated the maxim of relevance, 4 data which violated the maxim of manner, and 1 data which violated 2 maxim. There are, violated the maxim of quantity and violated the maxim of relevance. The purposes of violating cooperative principle in variety show gyouretsu no dekiru houritsu soudanjo consist 5 illocutionary speech acts. These purposes are 1) assertive: complaining, informing, lying, and enforcing; 2) directive: consenting, requesting, and ordering; 3) expressive: mocking, arrogant, joking,  teasing, thanking,  pardoning, deploring, ridiculing, and praising; 5) declarative: deciding, to say an opinion, and naming.

This article analyzes the gastronomic aspects of the Ainu folklore in Japan. Gastronomic aspects examinedinclude how Ainu folklore narrates how they collect and cook food materials, how they consume, andwhat cultural values are attached to both the process of food production and consumption. The studyapplied library research and the object of analysis were selectively chosen from Ainu Mukashi Banashi’sbook: Hitotsubu no Satchiporo (2012), an anthology of Ainu folklore edited by Kayano Shigeru. Thestories chosen analyzed by the literary anthropology theory. The results show that the Ainu folklorecontains narratives about how people collect food, cook, and consume them. The study of the gastronomicnarratives of Ainu folklore presents a novelty that folklore not only contains a moral message for characterformation but is also a medium for preserving and continuing food and culinary culture across time andgenerations.Keywords: Ainu folktale, literary gastronomy, traditional food of Ainu JapanABSTRAKArtikel ini menganalisis aspek gastronomi dari cerita rakyat Ainu Jepang. Aspek gastronomiyang dikaji meliputi bagaimana cerita rakyat Ainu menceritakan cara mereka mengumpulkandan memasak bahan makanan, bagaimana mereka mengonsumsi, dan nilai-nilai budaya apayang melekat pada proses produksi dan konsumsi makanan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan risetperpustakaan dan objek kajian dipilih secara selektif dari buku Ainu Mukashi Banashi: Hitotsubuno Satchiporo (2012), sebuah antologi cerita rakyat Ainu dengan editor Kayano Shigeru. Datadianalisis dengan teori antropologi sastra. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cerita rakyatAinu mengandung narasi tentang cara masyarakat mengumpulkan bahan makanan, memasak,dan mengkonsumsinya. Studi tentang narasi gastronomi cerita rakyat Ainu menyajikan halbaru bahwa cerita rakyat tidak saja mengandung pesan moral untuk pembentukan karaktertetapi juga menjadi media untuk melestarikan dan meneruskan budaya makanan dan kulinerlintas waktu dan generasi.Kata Kunci: cerita rakyat Ainu, gastronomi sastra, makanan tradisional Ainu Jepang

The research entitled “Speech Acts of Prohibition in Comic Yotsubato by Kiyohiko Azuma” is aimed to identify various form of speech acts of prohibition and the factors behind the use of the said speech acts in the comic Yotsubato by Kiyohiko Azuma. This research applied the theory of speech acts by Wijana (1996) and level of politeness factors according to Mizutani and Mizutani (1987). The method of collecting data used in the research is attentive observation method, which is done by observing the speech in the comic. Afterwards, the obtained data is noted by applying note-taking technique. The data analysis is done by using pragmatic identity method. Later on, in the data presentation, informal method is used. The result of the analysis indicates that in the comic Yotsubato, found 9 data that categorized as direct speech acts of prohibition and 7 data that categorized as indirect speech acts of prohibition. Then, there are 4 factors behind the use of the speech acts of prohibition in the comic Yatsubato, namely 1) familiarity factors; 2) age; 3) social distance; and 4) gender.  

This research aims to identify types and causes of code switching and code mixing that are applied  at Aerotravel Denpasar. This research is analyzed with “Agih and Padan” method in two different languages , Japan and Indonesian. On each of the language, it’s connected therefore found type and cause of factor code switching and code mixing. The theories used are code switching (Wardhaugh, 2006), code mixing (Hoffman, 1991) , and cause code mixing factor (Weinrich, 1979). From 20 data that is analyzed at Aerotravel, it resulted 6 type switching code: 1 methaporical code switching, 5 situational code switching. In addition there are 14 data of switching code consists of 10 lexical code mixing in lexical, 3 phonologic code mixing, and 1 sentence code mixing. The cause factors of switching codes are, topic, solidarity with communicator, social art distance, and motivation. The cause factor of code mixing are low frequency of word, need for synonym, social value, familiarity with another culture, and sufficiency differentiated. This research concludes that the situational code switching is the most used in code switching. Education background is the cause of code mixing existence.