The article is devoted to the development of microwave technology and installations for preparing frozen cow colostrum for calf feeding by exposure to an ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic field in two volume resonators, which allow defrosting and heating of cow colostrum at different doses in a continuous mode. Two resonator microwave installations designed for farms have been developed and described. Effective modes of defrosting and warming up cow colostrum in an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency: duration of exposure to ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field in a resonator is 12 min; power of microwave generators 3.5–3.65 kW; plant productivity 25–30 kg/h; energy costs for the process 0.12–0.18 kW-kg/h, heating temperature of raw materials to 38–40 °C. For cattle farms up to 600 heads, one microwave installation is enough to defrost and heat cow colostrum. The annual economic effect due to lower operating costs will be 153600 rubles. The profitability of the process will increase by 3.22%.

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The aim of the work is to determine the permissible load factors of step-down transformers when powering various types of greenhouse irradiators. All examined irradiators have nonlinear volt-ampere characteristic and generate upper current harmonics. The object of research are greenhouse illuminators with high pressure sodium lamps, induction and light-emitting diodes greenhouse illuminators (LED) with active and passive power factor. The permissible load factors of transformers are calculated using obtained data: for high-pressure sodium lamp light is 0.95 max; for LED lamps with active power factor corrector – 0.76 max; for LED lamps with passive power factor correction – 0.59 max; for electrodeless lamp light – 0.98 max. To reduce current harmonics in systems with LED lamps and to increase the load factor of transformers, it is necessary to apply special devices – active or passive harmonic filters. For greenhouse irradiators with sodium lamps and induction irradiators, the use of harmonic filters is not required.

Wax moth is one of the main pests of bee colonies. Bee moth larvae have in their chemical composition many substances that are necessary for the preparation of drugs of the widest range of action. Beekeepers solve the problem of better control of greater wax moths using chemical, biological and other methods. The efficient methods to control Galleria mellonella include physical methods: temperature, radiation, etc. The purpose of this paper is to find the most effective optical radiation for a greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.), in which the productivity of bee colonies is maximally preserved, and unscathed G. mellonella larvae can be used to manufacture pharmaceutical preparations and biologically active supplements. The object of research is the Greater wax moth (eggs, larvae, pupae, and imago). We have developed a structure for determining the attractiveness of the optical radiation of different wavelengths for imago of greater wax moths. We found that the optical radiation in the wavelength range of 400…435 nm is the most attractive because it attracted a greater wax moths and therefore the number of eggs laid under the influence of this light was 1.5…2 times higher compared to radiation 491, 546 and 491 nm.

A method for creating continuous-flow microwave installations for defrosting and heating cow’s milk is developed on the basis of a step-by-step systematization of methods for optimizing the electrodynamic and structural-technological parameters of the installation, which allow preserving the feed value of raw materials. Construction of the resonator radiodermatitis microwave installation continuous-flow action allows you to implement the innovative idea of separation processes defrosting and heating colostrum in accordance with the nature of the change of dielectric properties of materials in the range of negative and positive temperatures to speed up the process, allowing you to keep feeding value of colostrum. The developed two-resonator installation most fully implements the main criteria of the technological process: acceleration of the processes of defrosting and heating of cow colostrum; continuous-flow mode in the presence of electromagnetic safety; variability of the plant performance due to the use of several air-cooled magnetrons. The total power of the microwave installation is 4.5 kW with a capacity of 35...40 kg/h, specific energy costs of 0.12...0.13 kWh/kg. The duration of the process is reduced by 4 times, and, consequently, the cortical value of colostrum is preserved. The basic colostrum defroster, with a capacity of 6 kW, operates at an energy cost of 0.3 kWh / kg, the process duration reaches 1.5...2 hours. The improved conical resonator allows to preserve the conditions for the occurrence of resonant oscillations due to the re-reflections of higher-order electromagnetic waves from critical sections and provides for the limitation of electromagnetic wave radiation without an additional shielding housing. The efficiency of a quasi-stationary toroidal resonator, estimated by the magnitude of the electric field strength (EF), the generator power and the intrinsic Q-factor is 0.93