The article is devoted to the development of microwave technology and installations for preparing frozen cow colostrum for calf feeding by exposure to an ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic field in two volume resonators, which allow defrosting and heating of cow colostrum at different doses in a continuous mode. Two resonator microwave installations designed for farms have been developed and described. Effective modes of defrosting and warming up cow colostrum in an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency: duration of exposure to ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field in a resonator is 12 min; power of microwave generators 3.5–3.65 kW; plant productivity 25–30 kg/h; energy costs for the process 0.12–0.18 kW-kg/h, heating temperature of raw materials to 38–40 °C. For cattle farms up to 600 heads, one microwave installation is enough to defrost and heat cow colostrum. The annual economic effect due to lower operating costs will be 153600 rubles. The profitability of the process will increase by 3.22%.

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Currently, domestic industry uses imported raw materials. At the same time, supplies of rapeseed oil for export as raw materials account for about 80% of the production volumes. Therefore, import substitution of rapeseed oil due to an increase in its own production and a significant increase in the efficiency of processing technology with improved quality characteristics, the development of innovative technology and technical means to improve the quality of peeling of rapeseed is relevant. Depending on the grain structure, one of three methods of peeling is used: compression and shear, multiple or single blow, by abrasion of the shells. The rapeseed kernel has a fragile structure, so peeling with a multiple blow is irrational. Two requirements are imposed on the rape seed peeling process: high-quality separation of husk from the kernel and preservation of the integrity of the kernel. The article describes the developed design of the installation for peeling rape in an electromagnetic field, which allows the peeling process to be carried out at low operating costs. The process of peeling rape is possible by hydromechanical destruction and abrasion of husks on rotating abrasive disks and mutual friction of grains in the EMF microwave, followed by removal of the shells by blowing air through a hollow dielectric shaft with holes and a perforated cylindrical resonator. The article also describes the technological process of rape peeling and conducted a feasibility study on the implementation of the proposed installation. The economic effect of the use of a microwave installation for rape peeling is 124 thousand rubles/month with the volume of output 38.5 tons/month, profitability will increase by 3.7%.

Introduction. The existing methods of cooking eggs in water and with steam have a high energy intensity. Currently, the problem of continuity of the technological process is still not solved. That is why, in order to reduce energy consumption, reduce water consumption and intensify the process of heat treatment of eggs, we consider it relevant to use the energy of the electromagnetic field of super high frequency (SHFEMF) in a special temperature regime without using water.Methodology. Three-dimensional modeling of the installation was carried out in the Compass 18.0 program, the justification of the heat treatment modes was carried out by analytical methods, to identify the optimal parameters (energy consumption and temperature regime) of the proposed installation, second-degree least squares polynomials were used, in particular, a rotatable second-order planning matrix, statistical analysis of the matrix was carried out in a software package for statistical analysis Statistica 12, confirmation of analytical data with empirical data was carried out in the CST Microwave Studio program for three-dimensional modeling of electromagnetic field propagation processes in the Eigenmode calculation module, where patterns of electric and magnetic field intensity distribution in a spherical resonator were studied.Results. The structural design of the conveyortype radio wave installation allows for heat treatment of eggs when moving in dielectric cups through slotted spherial resonators. The borehole of the process is less than 0.5 due to the location of the cups in the resonators and between them in relation 4:9. The value of the resonator's own Q-factor reaches 8800. The visualization in the program shows a uniform distribution of the electric field in the resonator, with a voltage of 1.5–3 kV/cm, which ensures high sterility of the product. From the regression models compiled on the basis of the matrix of rotatable planning of the second-order experiment, it follows that the effective duration of exposure to EMF is 154 s, the specific energy costs are equal to 143 Wh/kg. The speed of rotation of the conveyor gear motor is 0.4 rpm.

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