Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh kuman mycobacterium tuberkulosis. TB dapat menetap di semua bagian tubuh. Kita paling sering mendengar tentang TB paru. Kuman TB akan membuat makin banyak kuman yang dapat merusak bagian tubuh misalnya di paru – paru. Ketika paru – paru mengalami kerusakan maka seseorang yang terinfeksi kuman TB tidak dapat bernafas dengan baik. TB dapat disembuhkan dengan regimen pengobatan yang baik. Jika seseorang tidak menerapkan regimen pengobatan dengan baik dapat menyebabkan kematian akibat TB. TB paru berbahaya bagi orang lain karena dapat menyebar dengan mudah ke setiap orang. (WHO, A guide TB treatment supporters, 2002). Tiap pasien TB paru potensial dapat menularkan penyakitnya pada 15 orang pasien baru per tahun (Wandwalo,2000). Pendidikan kesehatan TOSS TB dilakukan melalui penyuluhan ke kader kesehatan di kelurahan Mulyasari. Populasi dan sampel dalam pengabdian ini adalah seluruh kader di kelurahan Mulyasari sebanyak 20 orang. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dalam bentuk pertanyaan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan peserta sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan. Analisis data menggunakan ujiPaired-Samples T Test. Media yang digunakan adalah lembar brosur tentang TOSS TB.Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah semua kader berjenis kelamin perempuan, dengan rentang usia 21-50 tahun. Latar belakang pendidikan kader 65 % lulusan SMA dan 35% lulusan SMP.Hasil analisis ujiPaired-Samples T Testdidapatkan nilai p Value 0,000 yang artinya ada pengaruh penyuluhan yang dilakukan terhadap pengetahuan kader tentang TOSS TB. Kesimpulannya pendidikan kesehatan kepada kader memiliki pengaruh yang baik dalam peningkatan pengetahuannya, sehingga diharapkan dapat membentuk msayarakat peduli TB yang pada akhirnya mampu membantu menurunkan angka kejadian TB.   Kata Kunci : kader, pendidikan kesehatan, tuberkulosis

Tuberculosis is an infection caused by acid-resistant bacilli or an infectious disease that can attack anyone through the air is also a dangerous infectious disease besides it is also a chronic or chronic disease that can strike between the ages of 15-35 years. The purpose of this study is to help prevent tuberculosis by implementing an expert system using the Bayes method. The method used in this research includes identifying problems faced in the medical world for treating tuberculosis, analyzing the problem, then formulating the problem and applying an expert system with the Bayes method to solve the problems that are obtained, the next stage is designing an application as needed, testing the application with the aim of knowing the success rate of the system. The implementation of the Bayes method in diagnosing tuberculosis is found. The result is that the calculation process using the Bayes method is based on the symptoms experienced by the patient. It can be seen that the patient is "most likely" to have pulmonary tuberculosis with a confidence value of 0.64 or 64%. From the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that in diagnosing Tuberculosis by using the Bayes method expert system, it can help medical parties handle cases more quickly in terms of recognizing the symptoms of Tuberculosis so that people quickly know the disease they are experiencing.

Abstrak Kejadian ISPA banyak ditemukan di pelayanan kesehatan Tamansari Kota Tasikmalaya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran lingkungan fisik rumah pada penderita ISPA di Puskesmas Tamansari Kota Tasikmalaya. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif. Populasi penelitian adalah penderita ISPA sebanyak 185 penderita dan sampel penelitian 65 orang penderita ISPA. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Instrumen pada penelitian ini menggunakan daftar isian Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan RI No.829/Menkes/SK/ VII/1999 tentang persyaratan kesehatan perumahan. Analisis univariat digunakan dalam penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas lingkungan fisik penderita ISPA tidak sesuai yaitu luas ventilasi sebanyak 36 rumah (55,4%), kelembaban rumah 65 rumah (100%), jenis lantai  tidak kedap air 61 rumah (93,8%), jenis dinding tidak kedap air 56 rumah (86,2%), pencahayaan ruang utama 61 rumah (93,8%), pencahayaan ruang tidur 64 rumah (98,5%). Untuk kepadatan penghuni 64 rumah (98,5%), suhu ruang utama 46 rumah (70,8%) dan ruang tidur 50 rumah (76,9%) sudah sesuai Kepmenkes. Disimpulkan bahwa masih banyak rumah tidak sehat pada penderita ISPA seperti luas ventilasi, suhu, kelembaban, dan pencahayaan sehingga kondisi tersebut dapat menambah risiko terjadinya komplikasi. Diharapkan masyarakat dapat meminimalkan faktor yang mempengaruhi ISPA dengan cara memperhatikan lingkungan sekitar tetap sehat. Kata kunci: luas ventilasi, kelembaban, pencahayaan   Abstract Tamansari health services frequently see ISPA cases. The goal of this study was to describe the physical environment of the home in ARI patients at Tamansari Public Health Center in Tasikmalaya. The descriptive method was used in the study. The study sample consisted of 65 patients chosen at random. The instrument in this study adopted of the Minister of Health, Indonesia No.829/Menkes/SK/VII/1999 concerning housing health requirements. Univariate analysis used in the study. The results showed that the majority of the physical environment of ARI sufferers was not suitable, such as ventilation (55.4%), humidity (100%), types of floors (93.8%), types of walls (86.2%), main room lighting (93.8%), bedroom lighting (98.5%). Whereas the occupant density (98.5%), the temperature of the main room (70.8%) and the bedrooms (76.9%) are in accordance with the Minister of Health. It is concluded that patients with ISPA have many unsanitary houses, such as ventilation area, temperature, humidity, and lighting, and that these conditions can increase the risk of complications. It is hoped that by focusing on the surrounding environment, the community will be able to reduce the factors that affect ISPA and keep it healthy. Keywords: ventilation area, humidity, lighting

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Tuberculosis (TB) now still become the world's health problems. The incidence of TB was also increasing in Indonesia, resulting in Indonesia currently ranks third in the world number of TB patients so that efforts from the government and various parties was very important to tackle TB in Indonesia. The high prevalence of TB in Indonesia was a challenge for health workers to cope with TB. Observer TB was the forefront of TB treatment settlement, so a guide for the observer was required to complete its tasks thoroughly. However, there are no comprehensive TB guidelines yet in Tasikmalaya City so qualitative research to explore how the development of observer guidelines was needed. The design of this study is descriptive explorative qualitative research with indeepth interview to participants who understand the development of observers guidelines for TB patients. Selection of participants using purposive sampling technique, based on inclusion criteria found as many as twelve participants. The research instrument used semi-structured interview guide which was done with indepth interview technique, one month research time, data analysis using (Braun and Clarke Theory 2006). The research results obtained three themes, namely: increasing the problem of TB prevention in Tasikmalaya City, optimizing the task of observers, and comprehensive guidance for optimizing the role of observers. The conclusions of this study were the findings based on the participants' opinions on the guidelines of comprehensive drug swallowing supervisors including explanation of observers tasks, TB information for observers, ways of preventing and handling TB, handling side effects, as a remedy for taking medicine with check list and when to take medication. The guidelines according to the participants was packaged in a simple, not complicated but cover all what is in the observers guidelines.