Introduction: Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from a defect in insulin secretion or insulin action or both associated abnormalities. Objective: Our study aims to contribute in improving of health care of diabetic patients in the Municipality of Ratoma, Conakry, and Republic of Guinea. Methods: This study is a prospective and descriptive cross-sectional study lasting of 4 months, from February 16 to June 16, 2021. Results: The study involved 300 patients whose blood and urine were examined, 17% of the patients were positive, therefore diabetic. Glycosuria was positive on an empty stomach in 87%. Abnormal parameters were found as followed: Urobilinogen with 97%, Blood with 97%, Optical Density with 90%, Nitrite with 84%, pH with 83%, Ketone Bodies with 76%, Bilirubin with 73%, presence of Proteins in 75%, and Leukocytes in 71%. The evolution of diabetes in 20 patients with the HbA1c test, i.e. 32% and the majority of the 20 diabetic patients had HbA1c levels between 4 to 5.60% with 7 patients, i.e. 35% followed by those with rate between < 4% and 6.80% to 7.20% with 5 patients each, i.e. 25% (cumulative 50% of patients); 3 diabetic patients whose hemoglobin were severely affected by glucose had high HbA1c levels between 8.80 and 9.60%, i.e. 10%, and 1 patient with an HbA1c level of 11.40%, i.e. 5%. THBs were low in 20 patients, about 32%. This study found respectively: hyperleukocytosis (10%), hyperneutrophilia (10%), hypermonocytosis (16%), hyperlymphocytosis (13%) among the diabetic patients and alongside, 32 diabetic patients suffered from hypoleukocytosis (19%), hyponeutrophilia (8%), hypolymphocytosis (8%) and 35% from hypomonocytosis. Frustrated anemia were found in 75%, moderate anemia in 20% and severe anemia in 5%, while 25% of diabetic patients suffered from Microcytic anemia and 75% from Normocytic anemia and 15% of diabetic patients suffered also from Hypochromic anemia and 85% of diabetic patients suffered from Normochromic anemia. Female sex was the most represented with 59% against 41% for male sex. All age groups were affected by diabetes, however, age group of 61 to 80 years were the most affected with a prevalence of 38% followed by those of 41 to 60 years and 21 to 40 with respectively 35% and 22%. The least represented age group were less than or equal to 20 years old with 5%. Housewives with 35% were the most affected followed by Commercial Agents, Pupils/Students and Administrative Agents with 22%, 10% and 8% respectively. The Married were the most with a prevalence of 83% against 14% among Singles and only 3% among Widowed. The majority of patients were from the commune of Ratoma, i.e. a prevalence of 81% followed by those from Matoto with 9%. Patients from elsewhere accounted for only 5%. Conclusion: This study revealed that in diabetic patients

Introduction: The present study was based on the microinjection of lentiviruses into chicken embryos in the laboratory to demonstrate loss function phenotype in chicken embryonic development. Method: This study aims primarily to demonstrate that small interfering RNAs can act effectively on chicken embryonic development by decreasing function of the chicken sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor 1/endothelial differentiation gene 1 (S1P1/EDG-1) during embryogenesis. In addition, chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) were prepared, plasmid gene 3132/PLL3.7 was used with 2XHBS for transfection, virus titer was determined prior to virus microinjection into chicken embryos to see the loss-of-function phenotype. Results: The results obtained after viral microinjection showed that the function of S1P1/EDG-1 gene was progressively reduced from the second day of egg incubation until the fourth day. After the fifth day of incubation, loss of gene function was more marked by bleeding into the embryo sac.

Introduction: Currently, short interfering RNA (siRNA) is an experimental tool in molecular biology to study gene function in cell culture and in vivo in model of organisms (mouse and chicken embryos, etc.) Method: Lentivirus production technique by human embryonic kidney 293T cell lines (HEK293T) with two (2) sites 8664/P201 and 2122/Pll.3.7 of the sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor gene and endothelial differentiation 1 gene (S1P1/ Chicken EDG1) was used to show the effects of small interfering RNA in chicken embryonic fibroblasts during embryogenesis. After preparation of plasmids 8664/P201 and 2122/Pll3.7, lentivirus packaging, transfection with 2xHBS, virus titration and chicken egg preparation, microinjection of lentivirus was performed in the embryos chicken. Results: The results obtained after the microinjection of lentivirus into chicken embryos from the second day to the fourth day of incubation showed the effects of small interfering RNA in the embryonic development of chicken materialized by bleeding in the yolk sac of embryos therefore a decrease in gene function. Conclusion: Previous studies have already proven that expression of small interfering RNA decreases in embryos of certain vertebrates such as mammals.