Abstract Toddlerhood is a very important period in the process of growth and development which is the basis for determining the quality of the next generation. In addition, in toddlerhood, they are also most vulnerable to health and nutritional disorders. So, this period is a very ideal time to start instilling in children about healthy lifestyle behaviors. In this case, parents should begin to stimulate the child's awareness regarding environmental issues. This study aims to determine the relationship between maternal education, food consumption, and infectious diseases with the incidence of stunting. This research was conducted in South Tapanuli Regency, in July 2021. This study used a cross-sectional approach with a sample of 168 people. Determination of the sample using the hypothesis test formula differs by two proportions. Data analysis techniques include univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with chi square test. The results of the analysis showed that from 168 respondents, 29.8% were found to be stunted. After statistical tested, the results of the bivariate test showed that the variables of mother's education, food consumption including energy and protein intake, infectious diseases had a significant relationship where the p value <0.05 Abstrak Masa balita adalah periode yang sangat penting dalam proses pertumbuhan  dan  perkembangan yang menjadi landasan  untuk menentukan  kualitas  generasi penerus bangsa. Selain itu, pada masa balita juga paling rentan terhadap gangguan kesehatan dan gizi. Sehingga, masa ini merupakan masa yang sangat ideal untuk mulai menanamkan pada anak tentang perilaku-perilaku gaya hidup sehat. Dalam hal ini, orang tua harus mulai menstimulasi kesadaran anak mengenai isu-isu lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pendidikan ibu, konsumsi makanan, dan penyakit infeksi dengan kejadian stunting. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan, bulan Juli 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan crossectional dengan jumlah sampel 168 orang. Penentuan sampel menggunakan rumus uji hipotesis beda dua proporsi. Teknik analisis data meliputi analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat dengan uji chi square. Hasil analisis diketahui dari 168 responden ditemukan 29,8 % yang mengalami stunting. Setelah dilakukan pengujian secara statistik diperoleh hasil uji bivariat bahwa variabel pendidikan ibu, konsumsi makanan diantaranya asupan energi dan protein, penyakit infeksi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dimana nilai p<0,05.

Abstract. Because the mother is the one who has the most bond to the kid, the mother's degree of awareness about toddler nutrition has a significant impact on the nutritional health of the toddler. Mothers spend more time with their children than other family members, allowing them to better grasp all of their children's requirements. The expertise of mothers is the most important factor in satisfying the dietary needs of toddlers. To determine the association between a mother's nutritional knowledge and the nutritional status of her children under the age of five. The Cross Sectional approach is a research to study the dynamics of the correlation between risk factors and effects, by approaching, observing or collecting data all at once (point time approach). Analytical survey is research that explores how and why this health phenomenon occurs.The results showed that there was a relationship between maternal knowledge about nutrition and good nutritional status in the Work Area of the Watampone Health Center with the chi square test results obtained p-value = 0.001 p <0.05, there was a relationship between maternal knowledge about nutrition and nutritional status at risk over nutrition in the Watampone Health Center Work Area with the results of the chi square test, p-value = 0.001 p < 0.05 and there is a relationship between mother's knowledge about nutrition and the nutritional status of toddlers in the Watampone Health Center Work Area with the chi square test results obtained p- value = 0.001 p < 0.5 Abstrak. Karena ibu adalah orang yang paling memiliki ikatan dengan anak, maka tingkat kesadaran ibu tentang gizi balita berdampak signifikan terhadap kesehatan gizi balita. Ibu menghabiskan lebih banyak waktu dengan anak-anak mereka daripada anggota keluarga lainnya, memungkinkan mereka untuk lebih memahami semua kebutuhan anak-anak mereka. Keahlian ibu merupakan faktor terpenting dalam memenuhi kebutuhan gizi balita. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan gizi ibu dengan status gizi balita. Penelitian cross-sectional melibatkan pendekatan, pengamatan, atau pengumpulan data sekaligus untuk menemukan dinamika hubungan antara faktor risiko dan konsekuensi (Approach). Analisisi data pada penelitian ini menggunakan survey analitik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi dengan status gizi baik di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Watampone dengan hasil uji chi square test didapatkan p-value = 0,001 p < 0,05, ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi dengan status gizi beresiko gizi lebih di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Watampone dengan hasil uji chi square test didapatkan p-value = 0,001 p < 0,05 dan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi dengan status gizi balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Watampone dengan hasil uji chi square test didapatkan p-value = 0,001 p < 0,5

Abstract. Newborn asphyxia can be associated with several conditions of pregnancy and birth. The baby is in a high-risk state and the mother is in a high-risk pregnancy. At the age of 30 weeks of gestation, the fetal lungs have shown maturation both anatomically and functionally, although the fetus does not carry out respiratory movements unless there is a disturbance that can cause hypoxia / anoxia. In the asphyxia state, the baby is deficient in O2 and excess CO2 which can lead to acidosis. This condition is the cause of failure to adapt and often progresses to respiratory distress syndrome and in the first days of birth.To know the relationship between old labor and the incidence of asphyxia in newborns at the UPT Puskesmas Watampone.The type of research used in this study was an analytic survey with a cross sectional study design. So that the number of samples that meet the criteria is determined as many as 20 people.The results showed that there was a relationship between prolonged labor and the incidence of asphyxia in newborns, with the chi square test value obtained p-value = 0.001 p <0.05. Of the 20 respondents, the highest was found in the category of non-labor for a long time and did not experience asphyxia as many as 13 respondents (65%). While the lowest was in the category of prolonged labor and not experiencing asphyxia as many as 2 respondents (10%). Conclusion: There is a relationship between prolonged labor and the incidence of asphyxia in newborns at the UPT Puskesmas Watampone

Nutrition is one of the determinants of the human resources’ quality. Food served daily have to fit nutrients as needed, so it may support optimal growth and can prevent deficiency diseases, prevent poisoning, and also help prevent diseases that can interfere to children's growth. The attitude of mother in providing nutritional supplementary for children is something that can determine how to behave in providing food supplementary and family nutrition, especially for toddlers. Toddler period is characterized by a very rapid growth and development process and is accompanied by changes that require more nutrients in high quality. Food consumption has an important role in the physical growth and intelligence of children so that food consumption has a major effect on the nutritional status of children to achieve the physical growth and intelligence of children. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship among knowledge, attitudes and behavior of mothers to the nutritional status of children under five/toddlers at (Unit of Technical Implementation) UPT Public Health Centre (Puskesmas) Ajangale. This type of research is descriptive correlational research. The number of samples was 40 mothers who had toddlers. The research analysis used bivariate test. Based on the results of the study showed that there was a relationship between mothers’ knowledge in nutrition and the nutritional status of toddlers with the chi square test results obtained p-value = 0.001 p <0.05. And there is a relationship between mother's attitude and nutritional status of toddlers with the chi square test results obtained p-value = 0.001 p <0.05. And there is a relationship between mothers’ behavior and the nutritional status of children under five/toddlers with the chi square test results obtained p-value = 0.001 p <0.05. It is recommended to health workers, especially midwives, to provide counseling to improve understanding related to the importance to meet nutrition in toddlers needs, starting from exclusive breastfeeding until the age of two and serving weaning food (MP-ASI) appropriately and adequately as an effort to prevent and handle stunting cases in Bone Regency. Keywords: [Toddler Nutrition Status, Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior].

The authors conducted a systematic review of adolescents receiving a macronutrient (iron, zinc) intervention compared to a multi-micronutrient intervention to investigate their efficacy on nutritional status. Systematic searches were conducted in four database sources—Science Direct, ProQuest, EBSCO, and Google Scholar. A PICO worksheet was used to define keywords, including 1) Patient/Problem: Preconception for adolescent OR girl student, 2) Intervention: Iron and zinc OR Fe and Zn OR macronutrients, 3) Comparison: Multi-micronutrient, and 4) Outcome: Nutritional status. Inclusion criteria included female adolescents aged 9–24 years and English and Indonesian articles published from 2013 to 2020. The risk of bias was assessed by minimizing four potential sources of bias: sample selection, research design, control of confounding variables, and data collection techniques. Result: 10 relevant studies discussing iron, zinc, and multi-micronutrient supplements for adolescents were identified. Iron and zinc interventions are efficacious in preventing anemia, enhancing hemoglobin concentration, improving body mass index, and reducing the risk of low birth weight and preeclampsia for women in the preconception phase. The multi-micronutrient intervention has similar efficacy, but it can better affect the maternal immune response and the production of the human placental lactogen hormone, which ultimately increases placental weight and birth weight while lowering the risk of abortion and prematurity. Conclusion: Iron, zinc, and multi-micronutrient interventions play a pivotal role in improving the nutritional status of adolescents in preparing the preconception phase because they provide positive benefits and can prevent nutritional deficiencies before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and after delivery.