This study showed that TTV DNA is frequently detected in the serum of patients with non-B, non-C hepatocellular carcinoma. This result suggests a potential pathogenetic association between hepatocellular carcinoma and TTV infection.

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Since their inception, active interactive genetic algorithms have successfully combat user evaluation fatigue induced by repetitive evaluation. Their success originates on building models of the user preferences based on partial-order graphs to create a numeric synthetic fitness. Active interactive genetic algorithms can easily reduce up to seven times the number of evaluations required from the user by optimizing such a synthetic fitness. However, despite basic understanding of the underlying mechanisms there is still a lack of principled understanding of what properties make a partial ordering graph a successful model of user preferences. Also, there has been little research conducted about how to integrate together the contributions of different users to successfully capitalize on parallelized evaluation schemes. This paper addresses both issues describing: (1) what properties make a partial-order graph successful and accurate, and (2) how partial-order graphs obtained from different users can be merged meaningfully.

Brainstorming has been greatly used as a method to generate a large number of ideas by variety of each participant's knowledge. However, brainstorming does not always work well because of spatial and communication limitations. Moreover, brainstorming techniques present limited scalability. Meanwhile, genetic algorithms have been mostly regarded as an engineering or technological tool. However, the innovation intuition suggests that genetic algorithms may be also regarded as models of human innovation and creativity. This paper focuses on online creativity sessions. Modeling those creative efforts using selecto-recombinative mechanism can provide three times more novel ideas, increase the posting frequency by a 2.6 factor, and help overcome superficiality on online communications by favoring synthetic thinking.

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