The Pulverizer pipe made of mild steel had erosion failure due to coal dust impacting, thus its service life also reduces. The ceramic coating overlay on the surface of mild steel is one of the appropiate ways to protect the mild steel from erosion. This research is aimed to perform a ceramic coating over the surface of the mild steel using a dipping method to improve its erosion resistance by using the alumina-phosphate ceramic coating. The coating layer is formed by the reaction between monoaluminum phosphate (MAP) as a binder and Al2O3 particles. It transforms into berlinite phase when heated at an elevated temperature. The observation is carried out with the variation of the MAP binder composition Al:P 25:75, 28:72, 30:70 and the Al2O3/MAP slurry is given at 40/60. Scanning electron microscopy is used to characterize the coating morphology. X-ray diffraction is applied to investigate the ceramic coating phases. The gas erosion jet measures erosion resistance of the ceramic coating. From the test result, it can be concluded that the binder composition influenced the erosion behaviour of alumina ceramic coating, the binder with Al:P (30:70) showed the erosion resistance increasing four times compared to the condition without coating.

This research is focused on the application of the Al2O3-phosphate ceramic coating on mild steel surface to protect mild steel from erosion in coal dust environment. Erosion resistance of mild steel could be improved by overlay it with SiC in the Al2O3-phosphate ceramic coating. As a filler, Al2O3 was mixed with 20%, 40%, and 60% SiC by using aluminium phosphate as a binder and heated at 220 °C for 5 hours. X-ray diffraction testing was conducted to observe the phase of Al2O3-SiC phosphate ceramic coating. Meanwhile, surface morphology and adhesion characteristic of Al2O3-SiC phosphate ceramic coating were analyzed by scanning electron microscope. To analyze the erosion resistance quantitatively solid particle impingement test by applying gas jets at the right angle (90°) against a sample surface has been conducted. The results showed that Al2O3-SiC phosphate ceramic coating is strongly bound to the mild steel surface without the presence of any void. The higher the SiC content can increase the ceramic coating density and its erosion resistance. The SiC 60% produces four times higher erosion resistance than uncoated mild steel. The material characterization of Al2O3-SiC phosphate ceramic coating proves that SiC gives a significant impact on the enhancement of erosion resistance of the Al2O3-SiC phosphate ceramic coating.

This research aimed to improve the mechanical properties of NiCrMo alloyed steel casting, especially in terms of toughness. Toughness is a combination of tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. The method used was a multi-heat treatment process involves normalizing, tempering, double tempering, and an additional intermediate process of quenching. The results obtained through the normalizing process followed by single quenching on oil media and double tempering (single quenching double tempering) produced the best-combined result of tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. The modulus of toughness increased by up to 745 % compared to the as-cast condition from 20 N.mm/mm3 to 149 N.mm/mm3. The best mechanical properties were obtained from tempered martensite microstructure. It is free from rest martensite and secondary carbide.

Most arm robot has an inefficient operating time because it requires operator to input destination coordinates. Besides, main problem of arm robot is object’s vulnerability when it is manipulated by the robot. This research goals is to develop an arm robot control system which has ability to automatically detect object using image processing in order to reduce operating time. It is also able to control gripping force for eliminating damage to objects caused by robot gripper. This research is implemented in LabVIEW 2011 software to control arm robot model which can represent industrial scale robot. The software is designed with informative visualization to help user learn and understand robotic control concept deeply. The system can automatically detect object position based on pattern recognition method which has four steps: pre-processing process to initialize picture taken by camera, segmentation process for separating object from the background, classification process to determine characteristics of object, and position estimation process to estimate object position in the picture. The object’s position data are then calculated by using kinematic equation to control the robot’s motion. The results show that the system is able to detect object and move the robot automatically with accuracy rate in x-axis is 95.578 % and in y-axis is 92.878 %. The system also implements modified PI control method with FSR as input to control gripping force with maximum overshoot value 10 %. Arm robot model control system developed is successfully meet the expectation. The system control can be implemented to industrial scale arm robot with several modification because of kinematic similarity between model and industrial scale robot.

Pekerjaan Rancang Bangun Bahan Ajar Sistem Proses merupakan upaya untuk membuat bahan ajar dan bahan praktikum yang mendukung proses pelatihan untuk sebuah perusahaan rafinasi gula nasional. Bahan ajar sensor ini memiliki spesifikasi yang dapat digunakan untuk berdiri sendiri tiap sensor beserta plan mekaniknya atau dapat dihubungkan dengan sensor lain. Sistem Akuisisi Data ini mengambil data yang diberikan oleh beberapa sensor untuk kemudian diolah oleh software data akuisisi Labview dan Arduino Uno yang telah dikalibrasi untuk mengetahui respon sensor terhadap lingkungan model alat uji. Penelitian ini selain digunakan untuk bahan ajar kendali proses dan akuisisi data juga merupakan aplikasi dari sistem I2C menggunakan master-slave pada suatu sistem Arduino. Dari hasil penelitian kalibrasi sensor tekanan diperoleh persamaan regresi y=3,8x-2,1 untuk tekanan berbanding waktu. Untuk sensor aliran diperoleh persamaan aliran berbanding waktu y=(60x)/7,5 dengan x adalah frekuensi. Untuk sensor ultrasonik y=191x-47 sebagai sensor level ketinggian fluida. Sedangkan komunikasi I2C memiliki waktu pemrosesan 0,25 sekon atau 4 data perdetik.