Indonesia still has a high dependence on fossil energy. This can be seen through how the use of fossil energy still dominates the energy needs in Indonesia. Most of this fossil energy comes from oil sources. However, the increasing use of energy and the reduction in fossil energy reserves has made Indonesia need to use renewable energy. This needs to be done to achieve energy security in Indonesia. This research will be carried out to see how the conceptual framework and policies regarding energy security in transportation in Indonesia through electrical energy can support energy security in Indonesia. This research will be carried out using a literature study approach. According to the findings of this study, there are multiple concepts in energy security, including the availability of existing energy resources that can meet energy demand, existing support in facilities such as distribution, transportation, and production division that can meet energy consumption needs, and the minimal negative impact of energy production and consumption on human health and the surrounding environment.

Low back symptoms (LBS) is an important public health problem in all industrialised countries [1]. Approximately 80% of adults experience at least one episode of back symptoms during their lifetime [2]- [4]. In Asia, a study in Japan indicated that one-month prevalence and lifetime prevalence of LBS are approximated to be 35.7% and 83.4%, respectively [5]. In Indonesia, the reported prevalence of LBS is more than onethird (38.4%) among the productive-age population in Jatinangor, West Java [6]. Various individual and physical factors increase the risk of LBS in workers [7]-[10]. Individual risk factors for workers such as age [3], [11], [12], gender [4], [11], [12], body mass index (BMI) [2], [10]-[15], marital status [16], [17], smoking [3], [18], regular exercise [3], [10], [19], years as an operator/worker [16], and education level [3], [20], [21] have been reported to have a significant association with a number of reported cases of LBS. Meanwhile, several studies have reported that physical factors [15] include lifting [7], [22], [23] and frequency lifting [23], [24] increase the risk of LBS. Previous studies also investigated organisational risk factors such as employment status [21], night shift [21], daily working [16], and weekly working [3].