<p><strong>Pendahuluan: </strong>Prevalensi diabetes melitus (DM) secara global terus meningkat hingga menjadi 3 kali lipat pada tahun 2030. Volume kejadian yang tinggi tentu saja diikuti dengan beban biaya yang tinggi pula. Terapi DM tipe 2 saat ini hanya mencegah progresifitas DM tipe 2 dan mencegah komplikasi yang lebih parah. Salah satu inti tatalaksana DM tipe adalah edukasi ke penderita DM tipe 2 untuk menjaga kadar gula darah, bagaimana diet yang baik, dan agar rutin selalu minum obat DM. Pengabdian yang dilakukan adalah dengan mengadakan penyuluhan dan edukasi Diabetes untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan penderita DM tipe 2, membuat buku Panduan minum obat bagi penderita DM tipe 2, pemberian alat pemeriksaan gula darah, dan pemberian jarum insulin pada penderita DM tipe 2.</p><p><strong>Metode: </strong>Langkah pengabdian yang akan dilakukan meliputi pengumpulan bahan dan materi, perencanaan, dan kegiatan inti. Penyuluhan dan edukasi sebagai acara inti akan dilakukan pada tanggal 22 April 2022 dengan materi: mengenal DM tipe 2 dan gejalanya, mengenal obat-obatan DM tipe 2, olahraga dan aktifitas fisik pada DM tipe 2, komplikasi pada DM tipe 2.</p><p><strong>Hasil dan pembahasan: </strong>Evaluasi kegiatan menggunakan kuesioner kepuasan kegiatan. Semua responden menyatakan puas terhada isi materi penyuluhan.</p><p><strong>Kesimpulan: </strong>Pengabdian sudah terlaksana dengan baik, masyarakan penderita DM tipe 2 yang menjalani pelatihan mendapatkan penurunan gejala komplikasi DM tipe 2.</p>
Introduction:The high crime rate in Surakarta and its surroundings has led to the need for legal protection. Forensic medicine, including clinical forensics, plays a role in solving cases related to the human body. The results of this study are expected to be used as reference material related to clinical forensic cases in Surakarta and its surroundings.Methods: This observational descriptive study used VeR record files at UNS Hospital in 2017-2021. Sampling was done by total sampling. Results:The clinical visum at UNS Hospital in 2017-2021 totaled 41 cases, namely 39 VeRs for injuries, 2 VeRs for sexual crimes, and 0 VeRs for mental disorders. SPV for VeRs for injuries, 41.03% issued by Kartasura Police. Contusions occurred in 69.23% of VeRs for injuries. Blunt force trauma occurred at 92.31% VeRs for injuries. The moderate injury occurred at 33.33% VeRs for injuries. SPV for VeRs for sexual crimes 100.00% issued by Sukoharjo Police. Victims of VeRs for sexual crimes were 100.00% female, conscious, and had signs of sexual intercourse, 50.00% aged <15 years, and had signs of violence. Conclusion:The most clinical forensic cases were in 2019. The majority of VeRs need to be issued by Kartasura Police, have contusions, due to blunt force trauma, and include the moderate injury. All SPV of VeRs for sexual crimes issued by Sukoharjo Police. All victims of VeRs for sexual crimes are female, conscious, and have signs of sexual intercourse. Half of the victims of VeRs for sexual crimes were aged <15 years and had signs of violence.
Violence against children is any form of using physical force that results in misery or suffering to children that can attack physically, psychologically, or sexually. Based on Forensic Medicine terminology, violence is divided into mechanical violence, physical violence, chemical violence, psychological violence. This study aims to determine the description of violence types against children examined in the ER of the PPKBGA team, RSUD Dr. Moewardi in 2017-2021. This type of research is descriptive observational. The data collection is total sampling technique through medical records. The sample consists of all cases of violence against children examined in the ER of the PPKBGA team at RSUD Dr. Moewardi in 2017-2021. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented in the form of tables and graphs. There were 97 cases of child abuse recorded in the ER medical records of PPKBGA team. The cases of violence include 80,9% sexual violence, 16,4% blunt violence, and 2,7% psychological violence. There were no cases of sharp violence, physical violence and chemical violence. Cases of child abuse listed in the ER medical records data at RSUD Dr. Moewardi in 2017-2021, the highest prevalence was sexual violence. Followed by blunt violence and psychological violence. Keywords: Blunt Violence, Sexual Violence, Child Abuse, Medical Records, RSUD Dr. Moewardi ABSTRAK Kekerasan terhadap anak merupakan segala macam bentuk penggunaan kekuatan fisik yang mengakibatkan kesengsaraan atau penderitaan pada anak baik secara fisik, psikis maupun seksual. Berdasarkan terminologi Kedokteran Forensik, kekerasan terbagi menjadi kekerasan mekanik, kekerasan fisika, kekerasan kimiawi, kekerasan psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui deskripsi jenis kekerasan terhadap anak yang diperiksa di IGD tim PPKBGA RSUD Dr. Moewardi tahun 2017-2021. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif observasional. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan teknik total sampling melalui rekam medis. Sampel berupa semua kasus kekerasan terhadap anak yang diperiksa di IGD tim PPKBGA RSUD Dr. Moewardi pada tahun 2017-2021. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik. Didapatkan 97 kasus kekerasan anak yang tercatat lengkap di rekam medis IGD tim PPKBGA. Kasus kekerasan tersebut meliputi 80,9% kekerasan seksual, 16,4% kekerasan tumpul, dan 2,7% kekerasan psikologis. Untuk kasus kekerasan fisika, kekerasan tajam dan kekerasan kimiawi tidak didapatkan. Kasus kekerasan anak yang tercantum di data rekam medis IGD RSUD Dr. Moewardi tahun 2017-2021 prevalensi terbanyaknya merupakan kekerasan seksual. Disusul dengan kekerasan tumpul dan kekerasan psikologis. Kata Kunci: Kekerasan Tumpul, Kekerasan Seksual, Kekerasan Anak, Rekam Medis, RSUD Dr. Moewardi.
Pendahuluan: Gantung diri adalah cara bunuh diri yang paling banyak ditemukan. Dalam ilmu kedokteran forensik, gantung diri merupakan salah satu penyebab asfiksia mekanik. Asfiksia sendiri merupakan penyebab kematian tersering dalam konteks forensik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan prevalensi kasus kematian dengan asfiksia mekanik di RSUD Dr Moewardi selama periode 2010-2020. Metode: Berisi rancangan/desain penelitian, sampel, uraian singkat metode penelitian dan metode analisis data. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif obsevasional. Sampel berupa data kasus kematian dengan asfiksia mekanik berdasarkan Visum et Repertum. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data yang diteliti meliputi : tahun, usia, jenis kelamin, lokasi pengirim, kategori, dan gambaran yang ditemukan. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan diagram kemudian dijelaskan kembali sehingga tersusun narasi. Hasil: Dari keseluruhan data didapatkan 44 kasus (7%) kematian dengan asfiksia mekanik dari 575 kasus yang diperiksa di RSUD Dr Moewardi periode 2010-2020. Jenis kelamin laki-laki berjumlah 25 kasus (57%) dan perempuan sebanyak 16 kasus (43%). Prevalensi tertinggi adalah pada kelompok usia 18-30 tahun yaitu sebanyak 13 kasus (29%). Lokasi pengirim terbanyak yaitu Surakarta dengan jumlah 15 kasus (34%). Kasus tertinggi yaitu pada kategori obstruksi jalan nafas sebanyak 19 kasus (43%). Tanda yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah sianosis sebanyak 19 kasus (43%). Kesimpulan: Prevalensi terbanyak kasus kematian dengan asfiksia mekanik pada tahun 2016, prevalensi laki-laki lebih tinggi disbanding perempuan, usia 18-30 menjadi kelompok usia dengan kasus paling tinggi, kategori “Obstruksi Jalan Nafas oleh Benda Asing” memiliki prevalensi lebih besar, sianosis adalah tanda terbanyak yang ditemukan.
Introduction: Surakarta has a population growth rate 0.43%, the high population density can cause population problems homicides, accidents, and hanging themselves. This case can be proven by the discovery of neck injuries due to strangulation. This study was conducted to find out about the description of victims who died due to neck injuries in 2015-2021. Methods: This study used a descriptive observational method from Visum et Repertum with the population in the form of all forensic pathology case due to neck injuries which were examined at Dr. Moewardi hospital in 2015-2021. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: From the VeR Dr. Moewardi hospital in 2015-2021 obtained as many as 28 cases of forensic pathology due to neck injuries with the description: (1) tilted injury shape 57.14%, horizontal 39.29%, crescent moon 3.57%; (2) blunt hardness 96.43%, sharp 3.57%; (3) submission of requests for VeR from the Surakarta Police 53.57%, Sukoharjo 14.29%, Boyolali 14.29%, Wonogiri 7.14%, Sragen 7.14%, Karanganyar 3.57%; (4) external examination 57.14%, autopsy 42.86%; (5) suicide 53.57%, homicide 32.14%, accident 7.14%; (6) age <15 years 7.14%, 15-64 years 78.57%, >64 years 10.71%; (7) male 67.86%, female 32.14%; (8) private employment 67.86%, students 10.71%, housewives 7.14%, not working 7.14% Conclusion: From this research, the most results were in the form of slanted neck injuries, violence due to blunt objects, requests for VeR from the Surakarta police, external examination, the method of death was suicide, victims of productive age, men, and private workers.
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