This study examined the relationship between attachment orientations and psychological distress, as well as cultural moderation in this relationship, among 241 university students from Germany and Turkey. Attachment orientations predicted the elevation of psychological distress in both samples. Attachment anxiety in the German sample and attachment avoidance in the Turkish sample showed stronger association with the elevation in psychological distress. The results and potential implications for counseling research and practice are discussed.

The current study investigates how attitudes towards seeking psychological help relate to internal working models of attachment (self-model and other-model) and ruminative tendencies. The study includes 589 Turkish university students (278 females, 308 males and 3 unknown) by implementing a convenient sampling procedure. The average age of the participants was 22.4 years (SD 02.2). Participants were administered the Attitudes toward Seeking Psychological HelpShort, the Relationship Questionnaire and the Rumination Scale. The results of the study indicate that the other-model and rumination have a relationship to women's help-seeking attitudes whereas the self-model has a relationship to men's help-seeking attitudes. The results are discussed in light of the related literature.

"This systematic review aims to examine the content, usage pattern and efficacy of mobile mental health interventions in reducing anxiety symptoms. A search of 10 electronic databases returned 44 408 studies in total and 27 studies met the inclusion criteria, including 4460 participants in total. The rate of attrition was 27% (SD = 22) among the participants who initiated the app use. The rate of significant reductions in measures of anxiety symptoms was 87% from within-subjects pretest to posttest assessments, yet this rate dropped to 46% when compared to a waitlist/control group. A vast majority of the studies used cognitive and/or behavioral interventions (N = 26, 96%), a few studies included professional support (N = 11, 41%), a structured form of delivering the interventions (N = 8, 30%) or tailored it to users’ needs (N = 6, 22%). Few studies reported the actual time spent on the app per week (N = 4, M = 63.76, SD = 62.17). The mobile mental health interventions were effective in reducing anxiety symptoms, yet this effectiveness eroded compared to control groups. There is a need to develop consistent ways of reporting the usage patterns and testing evidence-based interventions other than cognitive behavioral treatments."

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