Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan model Learning Cycle 7E terhadap kemampuan literasi matematis siswa, motivasi belajar siswa, dan keterlaksanaan model Learning Cycle 7E pada materi prisma kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Singkawang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Quasi Eksperimental. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Singkawang yang terdiri dari lima kelas yang berjumlah 141 siswa. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Adapun sampelnya terdiri dari dua kelas yaitu kelas VIII B sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII E sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Uji-t Independen, dan persentase rata-rata indikator motivasi dan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan:1) Adanya perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan literasi matematis siswa pada kelas yang diterapkannya model Learning Cycle 7E dengan kelas yang diterapkan model pembelajaran langsung. 2) Motivasi belajar siswa dikategorikan tinggi. 3) Keterlaksanaan model Learning Cycle 7E dikategorikan baik.Kata Kunci : Model Learning Cycle 7E, Motivasi Belajar, Literasi Matematis.

The background of this study is that there are still many students who carry out disruptive activities during the learning process. Disruptive behaviour in the classroom can adversely affect the learning process and affect the performance of students, teachers, and the class as a whole. This study is aim to analyse teacher's strategies and student preferences regarding disruptive behaviour in elementary school students. This method uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. The subjects included students and teachers of grade 4 at elementary school. The data collection techniques are using observation and interviews. The data analysis techniques include data reduction, data display, and data verification. The results of this study show that the teacher's strategy in overcoming disruptive behaviour uses three approaches, namely behavioristic, cognitive, and humanistic. Student preference in dealing with disruptive behaviour lies in the problem of learning styles that must be adapted to the way teachers teach their students. This has implications going forward so that in the learning process, teachers can use a variety of learning approaches in order to minimize disruptive behaviour by students in the classroom. If disruptive behaviour is ignored, it will be difficult to overcome it later.

This study aims to determine how street children perceive the need to play and learn at the Kolong Langit Gunung Brintik School in Semarang city. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects were three street children aged 4-7 years and two assistants from Kolong Langit Gunung Brintik School, Semarang City as informants. Sources of research data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The validity of this research data is by triangulation. Data analysis in this study is data collection, data reduction, data presentation and verification or conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that the three street children who carry out activities on the streets are motivated by economic factors of parents, factors of low parental education, cultural factors of society. School under the sky as an alternative to provide assistance to children to fulfill children's rights, in this study the fulfillment of children's rights has not been fulfilled.

The state in carrying out the life of the nation and state faces threats that come from within the country and abroad. This study aims to find out the legal rules regarding shooting to death for perpetrators of criminal acts of terrorism in the perspective of the principle of the presumption of innocence, where this case has always been a hot issue in Indonesia, especially when we associate shooting to death or being shot on the spot for perpetrators of criminal acts of terrorism with the principle of presumption of innocence. This research is normative in nature with reference to existing books, journals, and laws and regulations. There are several legal rules that form the basis for doing so/shooting death against terrorism crimes are: Article 48 of the Criminal Code, In Article 49 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code, In Article 51 of the Criminal Code paragraph (1), National Police Chief Regulation Number 8 of 2009 concerning Implementation of Human Rights Principles and Standards. The principle of presumption of innocence also places him in the Burden of Proof or the burden of proof and it is the duty of the public prosecutor to prove the defendant's guilt, unless the proof of Insanity is imposed on the defendant or the law provides strict provisions for reverse proof. The application of the principle of presumption of innocence must also always uphold human rights that must be respected by everyone.

Mual dan muntah sering dialami oleh pasien post seksio sesarea, hal ini dapat diakibatkan oleh efek obat anastesi. Mual dan muntah bila tidak ditangani dapat berakibat pasien mengalami aspirasi dan kematian sehingga membutuhkan penanganan yang tepat. Tindakan keperawatan untuk mengurangi mual dan muntah salah satunya dengan pemberian aromaterapi jahe. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektifitas pemberian aromaterapi jahe terhadap keluhan mual muntah pada pasien post seksio sesarea. Design penelitian pre-eksperimen dengan one group pretest posttest. Tehnik sampling menggunakan consecutive sampling dan didapatkan 27 pasien post seksio sesarea di Rumah Sakit Al Islam Bandung. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebelum pemberian aromaterapi jahe keluhan mual muntah pada responden berada pada kategori mual muntah sedang 17 responden (63%) dan sesudah diberikan aromaterapi jahe sebagian besar kategori mual muntah sedang 19 responden (70,4%). Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Match Pair Test didapatkan nilai p-value adalah 0,000 (α<0.05), yang berarti pemberian aromaterapi jahe dalam 5-10 menit dapat menurunkan keluhan mual dan muntah. Jahe memiliki kandungan minyak atsiri yang berefek memblokir reflek muntah, dan gingerol yang dapat melancarkan darah dan menekan rasa mual muntah. Maka aromaterapi jahe dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif pendamping terapi untuk mengurangi mual muntah. Kata Kunci : Seksio sesarea, mual muntah, aromaterapi jahe ABSTRACT Nausea and vomiting are often experienced by post Caesarean patients; this can be caused by the effects of anesthetic drugs. Nausea and vomiting if left untreated can result in patients experiencing aspiration and death so it requires proper treatment. One of the nursing intervention to reduce nausea and vomiting is by giving aromatherapy ginger. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of giving ginger aromatherapy to complaints of nausea and vomiting in post-caesarean section patients.The research design was Pre-experimental study with one group pretest-posttest. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling and obtained 27 post cesarean section patients at Al Islam Hospital Bandung. The results were obtained before the administration of ginger aromatherapy complaints of nausea and vomiting in respondents were in the category of moderate nausea and vomiting were 17 respondents (63%) and after being given ginger aromatherapy most of the categories were 19 nausea vomiting (70.4%). Statistical analysis used the Wilcoxon Match Pair Test shows that the p-value was 0,000 (α <0.05), which means that Ginger aromatherapy in 5-10 minutes can reduce complaints of nausea and vomiting. Ginger contains essential oils that have the effect of blocking the gag reflex, and gingerol which can launch blood and suppress nausea and vomiting. So ginger aromatherapy can be used as an alternative companion therapy to reduce nausea, vomiting.