We report a case of meningitis and one of fatal septicaemia in neonates due to Burkholderia pseudomallei and review the literature on neonatal melioidosis. Pneumonia was the primary presentation and was complicated by shock in the latter case. The epidemiological findings suggest that the cases reported from Malaysia were community-acquired in contrast with those from the USA and Thailand.

Istihalah and istihlak are not an extraterrestrial subject and have been debated over centuries among shariah scholars. Halal Pharmaceutical had been clearly explained that must comply with shariah prerequisite to be endorsed as halal compliance medicine. However, this industry often faces unmatched medicine which able to heal deteriorated diseases such as thrombosis or embolism that require second opinion by Shariah scholars. The medicine named Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) had been imposed the fatwa on it by Malaysian National Fatwa Council (MNFC), however, some exempted conditions require this porcine base medicine for prophylaxis or therapy. This paper aims to propose istihalah and istihlak to be legal indicators through fiqh methods in the making of fatwa regarding to this notorious medicine. This paper employs qualitative methodology which using documents review method to analysis the data.

Background: Adequate fluid intake is very crucial for mothers during postpartum as any dehydration that ensues during this period may predispose them to the risk of developing venous thromboembolism event. Yet, the sociocultural influences may have deterred some of them from adequate fluid intake especially those from Asian region. This study aims to determine hydration status of low risk postpartum women during postpartum period among Malaysian women.Methods: A prospective observationalstudy involving assessment of hydrational status at 3 points; after 24 hours, at the 3rd week and at the 6th week postpartum was conducted. Apart from hydrational status where patients were requested to recordon weekly basis of their input and output fluid intake in a diary, they also underwent a series of biochemical parameters assessment.Results: 56 patients met the inclusion criteria. The sociodemographic data were analysed decriptively whereby all in the patients were in reproductive age group, with mean (SD) age of 27.96 (4.46) years.The majority were of Malay ethnicity 94.6% and 66.1% were multiparous. As many as 92% of them had at least secondary level of education and more than half were employed (55.4%). Subsequent analysis (n=15) at 3rd and 6th week following womenwho had completed all 3 follow ups showed; statistically significant evidence of underhydration from the biochemical test results. Repeated analysisat the 3rd week and 6th week revealed that there were significant differences using Friedman test in levels of urea (p=0.001b), creatinine(0.008b), as well as plasma osmolality (p<0.001b). Similarly with urine specific gravity(p=0.002) and urine osmolality (0.002a) calculated with repeated measures ANOVA from baseline. This correlated with the overall lack offluid intake taken by patients which recorded 1.78L/day at 3rd week and 2.13L/day by 6th week, values which were lower than recommended amount for nursing mother.Conclusion: The results suggested that lower fluid intake among low risk postpartum women during the postpartum period may predisposes risk of venous thromboembolism. Emphasizing adequate amount of fluid intake among low risk post partum women is crucial and will reduce possible risk of venous thromboembolism.