<p><span style="font-size: medium;">ABSTRAK </span></p><p>Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan unsur hara N, P, K, dan Mg dalam tanah dan jaringan daun tanaman kelapa sawit TBM sebelum dan setelah pemupukan. Penelitian dilakukan tahun 2014 selama satu tahun di Kebun Percobaan Sitiung, Kabupaten Darmasraya, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Penelitian enggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan dua faktor yang di uji. Faktor pertama (A) adalah delapan varietas unggul kelapa sawit, yang tergolong Tanaman Belum Menghasilkan (TBM) umur dua tahun, yaitu DMP, DMK, PPKS-Dumpy, PPKS-LTC, PPKS (SMB), PPKS-540, Tania Selatana 1 (TS1) dan Tania Selatan 3 ( TS3). Faktor kedua (B) adalah dosis pupuk, yaitu 1) 500 g Urea, 200 g SP 36, 500 g KCl, 1000 g Kiserit, 2) 500 g Urea, 100 g SP36, 500 g KCl, 750 g Kiserit, 3) 1500 g Urea, 750 g SP36, 1375 g KCl, 1250 g Kiserit, 4) 500 g Urea, 200 g SP36, 500 g KCl, 1750 g Kiserit, 5) 250 g Urea, 100 g SP36, 250 KCl, 500 g Kiserit dan 6) 750 g Urea, 300 g SP36, 750 KCl, 1500 g Kiserit. Analisis kandungan unsur hara N, P, K, dan Mg menggunakan daun nomor sembilan dan tanah diambil pada kedalaman 30 cm secara komposit, masing-masing sebanyak 32 contoh daun dan tanah sebelum pemupukan dan 24 contoh daun dan tanah setelah pemupukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum pemupukan kandungan unsur hara N dan P pada lahan penelitian dalam taraf defisiensi, K pada taraf defisiensi hingga optimum, dan Mg pada taraf optimum. Setelah pemupukan, kandungan unsur hara N pada sebagian besar lahan masih tetap defisiensi. Kalium pada sebagian besar lahan dan Mg pada semua lahan penelitian pada taraf optimum. Sebelum pemupukan, kandungan unsur hara K dalam jaringan daun delapan varietas kelapa sawit dalam taraf defisiensi, P pada taraf defisiensi hingga berlebihan dan Mg pada taraf optimum. Setelah pemupukan, kandungan unsur hara N pada sebagian besar varietas masih pada taraf defisiensi, P pada sebagian besar varietas berlebihan serta K dan Mg pada semua varietas pada taraf optimum. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa respons tanaman kelapa sawit terhadap pemupukan berbeda menurut varietas. Tingkat kemasaman (pH) tanah tergolong sangat rendah atau tanah bersifat sangat masam, sehingga dilakukan pengapuran menggunakan dolomit sebelum pemupukan. Setelah pengapuran terjadi peningkatan pH tanah, tetapi masih tergolong rendah, atau tanah masih bersifat sangat masam. Oleh karena itu, pengapuran perlu dilakukan di lokasi penelitian.</p><p>Kata kunci : Status hara, kelapa sawit, analisa tanah, analisa daun, defisiensi hara.</p><p> </p>Response of N, P, K and Mg Fertilization to Nutrients Contents in Soil and <br /> Leaf Young Oil Palm<p> </p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">ABSTRACT </span></p><p>The research was conducted in order to determine the nutrients content of N, P, K, and Mg in the soil and leaf tissue of young oil palm. The study was conducted in 2014 for one year at the Sitiung Experimental Garden, Darmasraya regency, West Sumatra Province. The study was using a randomized block design with two factors. The first factor (A) were eight superior varieties with age two years-old, namely DMP, DMK, PPKS-Dumpy, PPKS-LTC, PPKS-SMB, PPKS-540, TS1 and TS3. The second factor is fertilizer dosages 1) 500 g Urea, 200 g SP 36, 500 g KCl, 1000 g Kiserit, 2) 500 g Urea, 100 g SP36, 500 g KCl, 750 g Kiserit, 3) 1500 g Urea, 750 g SP36, 1375 g KCl, 1250 g Kiserit, 4) 500 g Urea, 200 g SP36, 500 g KCl, 1750 g Kiserit, 5) 250 g Urea, 100 g SP36, 250 KCl, 500 g Kiserit dan 6) 750 g Urea, 300 g SP36, 750 KCl, 1500 g Kiserit. For the analysis of the nutrient content of N, P, K and Mg, leaf samples were taken on leaf number nine and soil samples were taken at a depth of 30 cm in the composite method, 32 leaf and soil samples before fertilization and 24 leaf samples soil. The results showed that before fertilization the nutrient content of N and P in the soil in deficiency level, K on the deficiency to optimum levels, and Mg at an optimum level. After fertilization, the nutrient content of N in the almost all of the area is still deficient. Potassium at most area and Mg in all area of research at the optimum level. Before fertilization, the nutrient content of K in the leaf tissue of eight varieties of oil palm in the deficiency level, P deficiency to excessive level and Mg at the optimum level. After fertilization, the nutrient content of N in most varieties are still at the level of deficiency, P on most varieties in the excessive level as well as, K and Mg in all varieties at optimum level. Results of this study indicated that the response of oil palm to fertilization differs according to varieties. The level of soil acidity (pH) is very low or the soil is very acidic, therefore liming using dolomite were done before fertilization. After liming increased soil pH, but is still relatively low, or the soil is still very acidic. Therefore, liming in the area need to be done again.</p>Keywords : Nutrien status, oil palm, soil analysis, leaf analysis, nutrient content.
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