AbstrakKandungan daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L) diketahui dapat berkhasiat sebagai antijamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi dan mengetahui aktivitas antijamur gel yang mengandung daun kelor terhadap jamur Malasezia furfur. Ekstraksi daun kelor dilakukan menggunakan etanol 70% dengan metode maserasi. Formulasi gel yang mengandung ekstrak etanol daun kelor dilakukan menggunakan hidroksi propil metil selulosa (HPMC) dengan berbagai konsentrasi, yaitu 2, 3, dan 4%., Evaluasi gel yang dilakukan adalah uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, dan viskositas. Kemudian dilakukan uji aktivitas antijamur dengan menggunakan metode difusi padat dengan kertas cakram, dan digunakan gel ketokonazol sebagai pembanding. Parameter yang diukur adalah zona hambat antijamur. Hasil kemudian dianalisis statistik Kruskall Wallis dan Mann Withney. Berdasarkan evaluasi gel, diperoleh bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi basis HPMC 2, 3, dan 4% dalam sediaan gel ekstrak etanol daun kelor dapat meningkatkan viskositas gel, daya lekat gel, menyebabkan penurunan daya sebar gel, dan mempengaruhi peningkatan konsistensi sediaan gelpada uji organoleptik tanpa mempengaruhi uji pH gel dan homogenitas gel. Formula yang memiliki sifat fisik gel yang yang baik jika dilihat dari hasil uji sifat fisik gel yang meliputi uji organoleptik,homogenitas, pH, daya sebar daya lekat dan viskositas yaitu formula gel ekstrak etanol daun kelor dengan konsentrasi basis HPMC 2 % karena hampir dari semua uji memenuhi persyaratan literatur. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan gel ekstrak etanol daun kelor mempunyai aktivitas antijamur M.furfur dan gel yang mengandung HPMC 2% memiliki sifat fisik gel dan aktivitas antijamur lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan gel konsentrasi HPMC 3 dan 4%.Kata Kunci: Daun Kelor, Moringa oleifera L, gel, antijamur, Malassezia furfur. The effectiveness test of gel of ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves as antifungal of Malassezia furfur Abstract Moringa leaf content (Moringa oleifera L) is known to be efficacious as an antifungal. The aim of this research is to formulate and to know gel antifungal activity containing moringa leaf against
<p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p>Kandungan daun kelor (<em>Moringa oleifera</em> L) diketahui dapat berkhasiat sebagai antijamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi dan mengetahui aktivitas antijamur gel yang mengandung daun kelor terhadap jamur <em>Malasezia furfur</em>. Ekstraksi daun kelor dilakukan menggunakan etanol 70% dengan metode maserasi. Formulasi gel yang mengandung ekstrak etanol daun kelor dilakukan menggunakan hidroksi propil metil selulosa (HPMC) dengan berbagai konsentrasi, yaitu 2, 3, dan 4%., Evaluasi gel yang dilakukan adalah uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, dan viskositas. Kemudian dilakukan uji aktivitas antijamur dengan menggunakan metode difusi padat dengan kertas cakram, dan digunakan gel ketokonazol sebagai pembanding. Parameter yang diukur adalah zona hambat antijamur. Hasil kemudian dianalisis statistik <em>Kruskall Wallis</em> dan <em>Mann Withney</em>. Berdasarkan evaluasi gel, diperoleh bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi basis HPMC 2, 3, dan 4% dalam sediaan gel ekstrak etanol daun kelor dapat meningkatkan viskositas gel, daya lekat gel, menyebabkan penurunan daya sebar gel, dan mempengaruhi peningkatan konsistensi sediaan gelpada uji organoleptik tanpa mempengaruhi uji pH gel dan homogenitas gel. Formula yang memiliki sifat fisik gel yang yang baik jika dilihat dari hasil uji sifat fisik gel yang meliputi uji organoleptik,homogenitas, pH, daya sebar daya lekat dan viskositas yaitu formula gel ekstrak etanol daun kelor dengan konsentrasi basis HPMC 2 % karena hampir dari semua uji memenuhi persyaratan literatur. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan gel ekstrak etanol daun kelor mempunyai aktivitas antijamur <em>M.furfur</em> dan gel yang mengandung HPMC 2% memiliki sifat fisik gel dan aktivitas antijamur lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan gel konsentrasi HPMC 3 dan 4%.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> Daun Kelor, <em>Moringa </em><em>o</em><em>leifera L,</em> gel, antijamur, <em>Malassezia </em><em>f</em><em>urfur.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em> </em></p><p align="center"><strong><em>The effectiveness test of gel of ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves <br /> as antifungal of </em></strong><strong><em>Malassezia furfur</em></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><em>Moringa leaf content (Moringa oleifera L) is known to be efficacious as an antifungal. The aim of this research is to formulate and to know gel antifungal activity containing moringa leaf against Malasezia furfur fungus. Moringa leaf extraction was done using 70% ethanol by maceration method. The gel formulation containing ethanol extract of </em><em>moringa </em><em>was conducted using hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) with various concentrations, ie 2, 3, and 4%. Evaluation of gel performed was organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreading, </em><em>and </em><em>viscosity. Then the antifungal activity </em><em>was </em><em>tested using solid diffusion method with paper disc, and used ketoconazole gel as comparison. The measured parameter </em><em>wa</em><em>s the antifungal block zone. The results were then analyzed statistically </em><em>using </em><em>Kruskall Wallis and Mann Withney. Based on the gel evaluation, it was found that the increased concentrations of HPMC 2, 3, and 4% base concentrations in the gel preparation of ethanol extract of moringa leaf can increase gel viscosity, gel adhesiveness, decrease the gel power, and influence the consistency of preparation for organoleptic test without affecting the test pH gel and gel homogeneity. Formula which have good physical properties of gel when viewed from the test results of physical properties of gel which include organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH, viscosity sticky power and viscosity is gel gel ethanol extract leaf kelor with 2% HPMC base concentration because almost of all test meet the literature requirements. From this study, it can be concluded that leaf extract gel ethanol gel has antifungal activity of M.furfur and gel containing HPMC 2% has gel physical properties and antifungal activity is better when compared with HPMC 3 and 4% concentration gel</em><em></em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: </em><em> </em><em>Moringa olifera L.,</em><em>gel, </em><em> antifungal</em><em>, </em><em>Malasezia furfur</em><em></em></p>
Facemist adalah produk perawatan kulit wajah berbentuk spray yang diformulasikan untuk membuat kulit lebih segar, lembab dan dapat digunakan untuk mencegah paparan radikal bebas dari polusi udara. Facemist termasuk salah satu kosmetika yang digunakan untuk merawat dan mempertahankan kondisi kulit wajah. Produk bahan alam untuk perawatan kulit semakin meningkat permintaannya saat ini. Salah satu antioksidan alami terdapat pada daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) yang bekerja dengan cara menangkap radikal bebas. Penelitian eksperimental dilakukan dengan memformulasi ekstrak etanol daun kelor menjadi sediaan facemist, uji kelembaban pada kulit wajah baik normal maupun kering dan dilakukan uji cemaran mikrobanya. Variasi formula ekstrak daun kelor yang dibuat 3%, 7%, dan 10%, dari hasil evaluasi sediaan formula terbaik adalah formula D dengan uji cemaran mikroba 2,6 x 102 CFU/ml yang memenuhi standar evaluasi mutu dimana untuk cemaran mikroba tidak boleh lebih dari 103 CFU/ml. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan, uji kelembaban facemist pada kulit normal yaitu formula A sebesar 11.76%, B sebesar 12.50%, C sebesar 16.37% dan D sebesar 38.45%. Persen tingkat kelembaban pada kulit kering yaitu formula A sebesar 26.67%, B sebesar 27.00%, C sebesar 28.24% dan D sebesar 30.54%. Maka dapat disimpulkan, formula terbaik adalah formula D dengan hasil uji kelembaban pada kulit normal 38,45% dan pada kulit kering 30.54% dengan uji cemaran mikroba yang memenuhi persyaratan mutu.
Abstract. Hibiscus sabdariffa contains flavonoid, triterpenoid, anthocyanin which function as immunostimulant. H. sabdariffa is considered safe for animal renal; nonetheless, there are known side effects of which need to be further investigated for human renal. This research aims to investigate the effect of calyx capsule-ethanol extract H. sabdariffa for renal function of healthy male and female for 30 days period by monitoring Scr and Clcr component in their blood samples. The method of this experimental research was by pre and post-treatment by involving 20 healthy volunteers who have met inclusion and exclusion criteria. The volunteers have completed the informed consent for this experiment. Furthermore, volunteers were divided into two groups (10 male and 10 female). Each group was given orally 500 mg of calyx capsule-ethanol extract H. sabdariffa per day for 30 days period. Blood tests were taken on day 0, day 30 after consuming the capsule and day 45 (15 days after the last day of capsule intake) in order to measure the Scr and Clcr concentration in the blood samples by using Jaffe dan Cockcroft-Gault method. The results of each sampling day were further analyzed statistically and compared using Repeated ANOVA dan Friedman test. The results suggest that there was a difference in the renal function on day 0, 30 and 45 samplings. However, there was no significant difference in Scr dan Clcr concentrations on female and male volunteers (p>0.05). Specifically, the type of gender affects Scr concentration (p<0.05); however, it does not affect Clcr concentration (p>0.05). In addition, age and Body Mass Index (BMI) does not affect Scr and Clcr concentrations (p>0.05). The side effects discovered through the monitoring increased in mixturition and bloatedness. Calyx capsule-ethanol extract H. sabdariffa does not affect on renal function of healthy volunteers.
Sonchus leaves are traditional plants whose effects have been widely studied including immunostimulants and diuretics. Both of these effects have benefits for maintaining health and treating diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ethanol extract sonchus on levels of BUN, SCr, ALT, AST and acute toxic effects on healthy male albino mice after being extracted 1 time a day for 14 days. Each group of test animals was given a dose of 100 mg/KgBW (n=9) for the BUN, SCr, ALT, AST test and every 10 healthy male albino mice (n=40) with a dose of 700, 1400, 2800, 5600 (mg/KgBW) for acute toxicity test. Blood sampling performed on day 0 and day 14 (BUN, SCr, ALT, AST) and toxicity tests were observed for 14 days. The data obtained were statistically tested with Shapiro Wilk normality test, or Wilcoxon T test and one way Annova or Friedman test and calculated LD50. Statistics show that there were no significant differences (p>0.005) in the administration of extracts between day 0 and day 14 of BUN, SCr, and AST levels but for ALT had significant difference (p<0.005). The results of this study concluded that the ethanol extract of sonchus leaves did not affect the levels of BUN, SCr, AST but neither for ALT on healthy male albino mice.
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