1 1 ФГБУ «Российский центр судебно-медицинской экспертизы» Минздрава России, Москва 2 Кафедра судебной медицины ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Астрахань 3 БУ «Республиканское бюро судебно-медицинской экспертизы» Минздрава Чувашии, Чебоксары Аннотация: Методы иммуногистохимии имеют большое значение в морфологии, а именно в судебно-ме-дицинской гистологии. Были исследованы 19 наблюдений стангуляционной механической асфиксии в воз-растной группе от 28 до 48 лет. Для сравнения изучены 3 наблюдения механической асфиксии в результате утопления в возрастной группе от 35 до 50 лет. Контрольная группа составила 11 наблюдений острой фор-мы ишемической болезни сердца, 6 наблюдений смерти от травматического шока. В процессе исследования фибриноген может быть оценен как субстанция раннего реагирования на повреждение и маркер прижизнен-ности странгуляционной механической асфиксии. Данный алгоритм может быть предложен для диагностики странгуляционной асфиксии. Ключевые слова: асфиксия, прижизненность, иммуногистохимия, CD-117 ALGORITHM FOR ESTABLISHING LIFETIME OF STRANGULATION MECHANICAL ASPHYXIATIOND. V. Bogomolov, Yu. V. Zbrueva, G. G. Semenov, O. P. Denisova Abstract: Methods of immunohistochemistry are of great importance in morphology, namely in forensic histology. 19 observations of statutory mechanical asphyxia were studied in the age group from 28 to 48 years. For comparison, 3 observations of mechanical asphyxia as a result of drowning in the age group from 35 to 50 years have been studied. The control group consisted of 11 observations of the acute form of coronary heart disease, 6 cases of death from traumatic shock. In the process of research, fibrinogen can be evaluated as the substance of early response to damage and the marker of intactness of strangulation mechanical asphyxia. This algorithm can be proposed for the diagnosis of strangulation asphyxia.

The objective of the present study WaS to overview the current domestic and foreign literature concerning the up-to-date methods employed for the expert evaluation of intra-vitality of the strangulation mark. The secondary objective was to propose the new approaches for addressing this problem. The methods of expert diagnostics with a view to determining the time of infliction of injuries as exemplified by mechanical asphyxia are discussed. It is concluded that immunohistochemical and morphometric studies provide the most promising tools for the evaluation of intra-vitality of the strangulation mark for the purpose of forensic medical expertise.

The results of the study give evidence of the possibility of diagnostics of mechanical strangulation asphyxia making use of the reaction with anti-fibrinogen antibodies in the stromal tissue of the constriction mark even in the absence of other intravital signs of death. Such diagnostics is also possible with the use of the CD-117 antigen in the pulmonary tissue. The expression of this antigen is characteristic of the cases of alveolar hypoxia. The possibility of application of other markers for the differential diagnostics of mechanical strangulation asphyxia from other causes of death is discussed.

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