Purpose: the high level of basketball players’ individual skill at the international arena requires radical changes in the approaches to the preparation of a high-quality reserve and the enlargement of the Ukrainian children's and youth basketball system, taking into account modern world trends in the evolution of the game. The study of practical experience and the generalization of the foreign specialists’ opinions will contribute to the buildout of a high-quality training process of young basketball players. The aim of the study is to summarize the modern features of the organization of children's and youth basketball based on the study of the professional opinions of foreign coaches. Material and methods: 10 foreign basketball coaches who have been engaged in the international youth competitions, who got high results in the championships of their own countries and trained young players in youth national teams, were chosen as qualified experts. They were proposed to answer 10 questions in special questionnaire regarding the modern trends in the youth basketball. Theoretical analysis and generalization of data from scientific and methodological literature, and Internet resources, questionnaires in Google form using the ranking method, and the method of expert evaluations were applied in the research. Results: the opinions of foreign coaches who successfully work with young basketball players were studied and summarized. That made it possible to determine the current trends in the development of children's and youth basketball. Consistency of experts' opinions was confirmed using Kendall's concordance coefficient, all examinations were confirmed, experts' opinions were agreed. Conclusions: the priority objects of the examination were formed according to the distribution of experts' evaluations, namely: preference was given to the experience of the USA as a reference point for the evolution of basketball; the young basketball players’ training system as a combination of education and training with multi-level selection on the basis of a basketball school (academy) is idealized; the overwhelming majority chose the focus on planning the educational and training process taking into account modern approaches to the psychological characteristics of young basketball players as a priority component; a common vision was expressed regarding the selection of players for the teams entered in the national championships, which should take place taking into account the combination of current skill and prospects for realizing individual potential; the existing need for scientific substantiation of a new style of management, taking into account the peculiarities, needs, motives and interests of the individual, is indicated.

The study purpose was to substantiate, develop and test the effectiveness of the author’s program for physical training of young female basketball players in the pre-competition period of the macrocycle preparatory stage, and to experimentally test its effectiveness.  Materials and methods. The subjects were 15 young female basketball players born in 2007-2008, third year of study (1st year of study in the basic training group), members of the All-Ukrainian Youth Basketball League (AUYBL), who participated in the experimental program to improve their physical fitness. Three tests on six indicators of physical fitness were conducted. The results of a consecutive experiment for young basketball players during their training in the camp were analyzed and interpreted. Results. The author’s program for physical training of young female basketball players was developed and implemented during the training camp in order to increase their level of physical fitness and preparation for participation in the AUYBL competitions. The results of the study, which were obtained during a series of experiments, allowed to examine and analyze six indicators of physical fitness, and to substantiate the effectiveness of modern approaches to physical training of young female basketball players in the pre-competition period of the macrocycle preparatory stage. They were based on the minimization of additional workload and focused concentration of female athletes on the quality of specific exercises in a limited period. Conclusions. The analysis of the results, the indicators of physical fitness of young female basketball players, allows to state that the use of the author’s program for physical training makes it possible to record the improvement of physical fitness on tests that have speed-strength and strength orientation, namely: high jump, long jump, run for 40 s, flexion-extension of the arms at thrust lying for 30 s. According to the indicators of speed tests (20 m run and 60 m sprint), no statistically significant differences were recorded, with a tendency to their improvement.

Внесок автора: A -дизайн дослідження; B -збір даних; C -статистичний аналіз; D -підготовка рукопису. _____________________________________________________________________________________ АнотаціяОстаннім часом у доступній літературі опубліковано ряд наукових робіт, в яких автори висловлюють думку про те, що експрес-метод кількісної оцінки рівня соматичного здоров'я за резервами біоенергетики не може бути використаним в оцінці здоров'я високо тренованих спортсменів. Причина -специфічність впливу різних видів спорту на структуру енергетичного метаболізму. Що стосується проблеми кількісної оцінки фізичного здоров'я юних спортсменів підліткового віку за резервами біоенергетики, то вона залишається не дослідженою.Мета -виявити і науково обґрунтувати питання доцільності/недоцільності використання експрес-методу кількісної оцінки рівня соматичного здоров'я юних спортсменів підліткового віку за резервами біоенергетики.Методи. Теоретичні: аналіз наукової та науково-методичної літератури з проблем діагностики індивідуального здоров'я; емпіричні: 1) педагогічне анкетування та спостереження; 2) педагогічний експеримент: соматометричні та фізіометричні дослідження; аналітичні: методи статистики.Результати. Дослідженнями встановлено динаміку змін рівнів соматичного здоров'я юних спортсменів швидкісно-силових видів (група А), спортсменів видів спорту на витривалість (група Б) та учнів ЗНЗ, які не займаються спортом (група К).На підставі проведених досліджень автори статті вважають, що використання експрес-методу в оцінці рівня соматичного здоров'я юних спортсменів є недоцільним у практиці спорту, спортивної медицини та реабілітації спортсменів.Висновки. На підставі проведених досліджень автори статті вважають, що використання експрес-методу в оцінці рівня соматичного здоров'я юних спортсменів є недоцільним у практиці спорту, спортивної медицини та реабілітації спортсменів.Ключові слова: здоров'я, оцінка, спортсмени, учні, підлітковий вік. СПОРТИВНА НАУКА ТА ЗДОРОВ'Я ЛЮДИНИ № 1 (1) 2019 57 Обґрунтування доцільності використання експрес-методу кількісної оцінки рівня соматичного здоров'я юних спортсменів підліткового віку за резервами біоенергетики. Спортивна наука та здоров'я людини. 2019; 1(1): 55-64.

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Introduction. Changes in the basketball game rules, improvement of training methods for young athletes, and current trends in the development of the game in the world change views and attitudes of experienced coaches to the organization of the training process. Debatable questions between supporters of early game specialization and their opponents regarding the determination of the specialization starting time, choice specifics, peculiarities of requirements, and approaches to the training of technical and tactical actions for the respective game role of players stipulate to emphasise the problem and its consideration. Aim is to investigate and substantiate the approaches for coaches of children and youth teams to the organization of the educational and training process concerning the game roles of young basketball players. Material and methods: analysis and generalization of data taken from scientific and methodical literature sources and the Internet, comparative and historical (comparative) research method, questionnaires using google-form, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. Due to 11 questions of the google-form, a survey of 27 coaches of the All-Ukrainian Youth Basketball League was conducted regarding debatable issues related to the training of young basketball players. Modern approaches to the work of coaches-practitioners were implied to determine the game specialization starting time, choice specifics, the peculiarities of requirements, and approaches to training technical and tactical actions of players of the appropriate role. Conclusion. The current position for experienced coaches of children and youth teams of boys and girls, who won prizes in the All-Ukrainian Youth Basketball League was defined, regarding approaches to the educational and training process concerning the beginning of studying and features of the requirements for game specialization. It was found that the majority of respondents develop the skills for the game of a young basketball player in a specific game role at the age of 13-14 and against early specialization; the priority of the choice for the game role focuses on the physical qualities and realization of distribution during training according to three categories (defender, striker, central); among the requirements for the role are the basic functionality of technical and tactical actions, the need to compete in different roles and the need to acquire skills and abilities to implement in the competitive process, inherent to the adjacent roles